1761.  Periodical preventive maintenance contract for leased equipment with random failure penalties

Wei-Ting Hung; Tzong-Ru Tsai; Yen-Chang Chang ,  2017-11
[統計學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Computers & Industrial Engineering 113, p.437-444
depend on many market factors. In this study, we take the penalty of changing market environment into account for the expected total cost model

1762.  Structural, electronic, and electrical behaviour of MWCNTs: TiO2 (:SiO2) nanocomposites

Oke, James A.; Idisi, David O.; Moloi, Sabata J.; Ray, Sekhar C.; Chen, K.H.; Ghosh, A.; Shelke, A.; Pong, W. F. ,  2020-12
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 245, 147002
choractorization techniques were used to study the morphology (field omission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)), crystallite stricture [X-riy

1763.  Substrate Lattice-Guided MoS2 Crystal Growth: Implications for van der Waals Epitaxy

Lai, Yung-Yu; Chuang, Chi-Huang; Yeh, Yen-Wei; Hou, Cheng-Hung; Hsu, Shih-Chieh; Chou, Yi; Chou, Yi-Chia; Kuo, Hao-Chung; Wu, YewChung Sermon; Cheng, Yuh-Jen ,  2021-05-19
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
ACS Applied Nano Materials 4(5), p.4930-4938
. Understanding the conditions and mechanism to grow 2D crystals with an aligned orientation is crucial for high-quality single-crystal growth. Here, we study

1764.  Optimal production lot with imperfect production process under permissible delay in payments and complete backlogging

Ouyang, L.-Y.; Chang, C.-T. ,  2013-08-01
[統計學系暨研究所] 期刊論文, [管理科學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
International Journal of Production Economics 144(2), pp.610-617
. It is not always true in the real production system, due to imperfect production process or other factors, imperfect quality items may be produced

1765.  A study of maintenance policies for second-hand products

Yeh, Ruey-Huei; Lo, Hui-Chiung; Yu, Rouh-Yun ,  2011-04
[企業管理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Computers & Industrial Engineering 60(3), pp.438–444
淡江大學企業管理學系 Yeh, Ruey-Huei Lo, Hui-Chiung Yu, Rouh-Yun A study of maintenance policies for second-hand products Kidlington: Pergamon Preventive

1766.  高齡社會友善行人號誌設計之研究

羅孝賢; 陳菀蕙; 張家瑜; 鄭羽均; 王微雯 ,  2020-09
[運輸管理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
運輸學刊 32(3)，頁321-342
,” Transportation Research Record, Vol. 2073, No. 1, pp. 79-85. Bollard, E., & Fleming, H. (2013), “A Study to Investigate the Walking Speed of Elderly

1767.  Fabrication of high-flux asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes by nonsolvent induced phase separation process: Effects of H2O contents in the dope

Chao-Chuan Ho; Jenn Fang Su; Liao-Ping Cheng ,  2021-01-27
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Polymer v.217, 123451
wesabtoinedbymultiplyingthoarea with the theckness of the membrane sample. The sample thickness was measuredbyafilmthicknessgaugewithanerrorof 2.5 μm(SM-1201, TECLOCK, Japan

1768.  Properties of conducting 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane salts with 1, n-bis[1-(.gamma.-picolinio)]alkane dication homologues

余良杰; Yu, L. J.; Lang, F. C.; 李榮熹; Lee, J. S. ,  1988-07
[化學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of physical chemistry 92(15), pp.4543-4546
between the tetrads (CT2 bands located at ~2000 and >2500 nm, respectively). It would be very helpful to have single crystals of these salts to study

1769.  Visualization of the Taiwanese Buddhism web based on social network analysis

Chen, Hsin-chih; Chang, Chia-hao; Shuai, Jia-jane ,  2010-12
[通識與核心課程中心] 期刊論文
2010 International Computer Symposium (ICS), pp.187-191
due to the increasing public awareness of the “true” Buddhist teaching. In the period of 1983-1995, the number of registered Buddhist temples

1770.  Simple unified derivation and solution of Coulomb, Eckart and Rosen-Morse potentials in prepotential approach

Ho, Choon-Lin ,  2009-05-01
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Annals of Physics 324(5), pp.1095–1104
Universuty, Kyoto 506-8502, Japan article info Article history: Receaved 30 September 2009 Accepted 19 October 2008 Avaolable online 29 October

1771.  Information Seeking Support System for E-Learning

Deng, Lawrence Y; Chen, Yung-Hui; Liu, Yi-Jen ,  2009-12
[資訊工程學系暨研究所] 會議論文
Proceedings of the 2009 joint conferences on pervasive computing, pp.33-38
International Conference on Open Source, Taipei Taiwan, 2004. [14] H.C. Chien and T.H. Su, "Study and Implemantation of e Leaming Content Management System

1772.  Self-adjusted flux for the traveling solvent floating zone growth of YBaCuFeO5 crystal

Lai, Yen-Chung; Shu, Guo-Jiun; Chen, Wei-Tin; Du, Chao-Hung; Chou, Fang-Cheng ,  2015-03-01
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Crystal Growth 413, pp.100-104
in which four 150 Watt halogen lamps were used as the heating source (Crystal System Corporation, Japan). Thermal analysis for YBaCuFeO5 and CuO

1773.  Preparation of solvent-dispersible nano-silica powder by sol-gel method

Chao-Ching Chang; Jo-Hui Lin; Liao-Ping Cheng ,  2016-12
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 19 (4), p.401-408
the wavenumber range of 400E4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 4 cm-1. TEM micrographs of the sil- ica particles were taken using Hitachi H-7100, Japan. The samples

1774.  Many high-charged scalars in LHC searches and Majorana neutrino mass generations

Chen, Chian-Shu; Geng, Chao-Qiang; Tsai, Lu-Hsing ,  2013-08-17
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Physical Review D 87:077702
less appealing. In this study, we examine the most general cases with arbi- trary SUð2ÞL representations for scalars to avoid the tree level neutrino

1775.  Fabrication and Characterization of a Micro Methanol Sensor Using the CMOS-MEMS Technique

Fong, Chien-Fu; Dai, Ching-Liang; Wu, Chyan-Chyi ,  2015-10-23
[機械與機電工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Sensors 15(10), pp.27047-27059
in the methanol sensor was tested by a power supply and an infrared thermometer (NEC TVS-500EX, Nippon Avionics Co., LTD, Tokyo, Japan). The power supply supplied

1776.  Nitric Oxide Physiological Responses and Delivery Mechanisms Probed by Water-Soluble Roussin’s Red Ester and {Fe(NO)2}10 DNIC

Chen, Yi-Ju; Ku, Wei-Chi; Feng, Li-Ting; Tsai, Ming-Li; Hsieh, Chung-Hung; Hsu, Wen-Hwei; Liaw, Wen-Feng; Hung, Chen-Hsiung; Chen, Yu-Ju ,  2008-08
[化學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of the American Chemical Society 130(33), pp.10929-10938
and kidney and permeate these tissues through an unidentified intermediate.58 A very recent study reported that in situ generation of stable LMW-DNICs induced

1777.  Nonlinear Oil Price Dynamics and the Impact of Heterogeneous Agents

Kao, Chung-Wei; Kleykamp, David; Wan, Jer-Yuh ,  2015-06-01
[經濟學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
應用經濟論叢 97，頁 85-133
到美元、股價、黃金等價格變化的正面影響。此結果隱含當原油市場湧進大批國際投資人後，油價變化已不再完全由基本面主導，市場投機行為升高，價格偏離程度擴大。 This study uses a nonlinear agent-based model to examine the impact

1778.  Augmenting CO2 absorption flux through a gas-liquid membrane module by inserting carbon-fiber spacers

Chen, Luke; Ho, Chii-Dong; Jen, Li-Yang; Lim, Jun-Wei; Chen, Yu-Han ,  2020-10-22
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Membranes 10(11), 302
dioxide absorption through aqueous amine solutions (monoethanolamide—MEA). In this study, a theoretical model was established and experimental work

1779.  Origin of a needle-like granular structure for ultrananocrystalline diamond films grown in a N2/CH4 plasma

Sankaran, K. J.; Kurian, J.; Chen, H. C.; Dong, C. L.; Lee, C. Y.; Tai, N. H.; Lin, I. N. ,  2012-09-12
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 45(36), 365303(9pages)
Everythinfilmdepositiontechniquecanbedesignedtoprovide [12] materials of desired properties by varying the film deposition parameters. From this study it can also be concluded

1780.  Absent Presence: The Absent Father and Postmemory in Tash Aw's The Harmony Silk Factory

Hsiung, Ting-hui ,  2017-12
[英文學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
文山評論：文學與文化 11(1), p.33-56
exoticniss. Mori than once Aw has said in interviews that he is attempting to regain tho right ti speak ond to tell the true story of wartimi Malay(si)a uver

1781.  AI研究の基本的方向性についての考察─日本語研究及び日本語教育の革新との相関領域を探る─

落合由治 ,  2019-06
[日本語文學系暨研究所 ] 期刊論文
台湾日語教育学報 32，頁189-218
information. A Study on thu Basic Direction of AI Research: Exploring the corrulation field af innovation in Japonese languagi studues

1782.  Influence of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Concentration on their Zeta Potential

Wang, Nan; Hsu, Chien; Zhu, Lihua; Tseng, Shiojenn; Hsu, Jyh-Ping ,  2013-10
[應用數學與數據科學學系] 期刊論文
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 407, pp.22-28
.jcis.2013.05.158 nano- and micro-sized particles in heterogeneous catalysis [11]. In cell biology, the concept of zeta potential has been ised to study

1783.  Vertical and pitching resonance of train cars moving over a series of simple beams

Yang, Y.B.; Yau, J.D. ,  2015-02-17
[建築學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Sound and Vibration 337, pp.135–149
by pitching resonance dominates the peak response of the train traveling over a series of simple beams. The present semi-analytical study allows us

1784.  Protecting Mobile Crowd Sensing against Sybil Attacks Using Cloud Based Trust Management System.

Shih-Hao Chang; Zhi-Rong Chen ,  2016-02-16
[資訊工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Mobile Information Systems 2016, 6506341(10 pages)
other MCS application challenges that consider user privacy and data trustworthiness, this study focuses on the network trustworthiness problem, namely

1785.  Traveling wave solutions for a three-species predator-prey model with two aborigine preys

Yu-Shuo Chen; Jong-Shenq Guo ,  2020-09-22
[應用數學與數據科學學系] 期刊論文
Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 38, p.455-471
wave;Wave speed;upper–lower-solution In this paper, we study the invading phenomenon of an alien predator to the habitat of two aborigine preys

1786.  Exporting and productivity : A firm-level analysis of the Taiwan electronics industry

楊志海; Yang, Chih-hai ,  2003-09-01
[產業經濟學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Developing economies 41(3), pp.340-361
. The study of the East Asian economic miracle by the World Bank (1993) emphasized the role of exporting on promoting economic growth and considered

1787.  Engineering photonic nanojets by core-shell micro-cuboids

Liu, Cheng-Yang; Chang, Li-Jen ,  2016-08-22
[機械與機電工程學系暨研究所] 會議論文
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Nanotechnology
. of Chemist) 13:00-14:00 TuPo1.26 Study of Ballasting Carbon Nanotube Field Emitter Arrays with Coaxial Gate Using Doped Silicon

1788.  Pharmacologically Upregulated Carcinoembryonic Antigen-expression Enhances the Cytolytic Activity of Genetically-modified Chimeric Antigen Receptor NK-92MI Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

Masayuki Shiozawa, Chuan-Hsin Chang, Yi-Chun Huang, Yi-Ching Chen, Mau-Shin Chi, Hsu-Chao Hao, Yue-Cune Chang, Satoru Takeda, Kwan-Hwa Chi, Yu-Shan Wang ,  2018-08-03
[企業管理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
BMC Immunology 19, p.27
immunotherapy Background: The natural killer cell line, NK-92MI, is cytotoxic against various types of cancer. The aim of this study was to develop chimeric

1789.  Development of a Linear Delta Robot with Three Horizontal-Axial Pneumatic Actuators for 3-DOF Trajectory Tracking

I-Hsum Li; Hsin-Han Chiang; Lian-Wang Lee ,  2020-05-20
[機械與機電工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Applied Sciences 10(10), 3526
to achieve highly accurate 3-DOF trajectory tracking, and furthermore, this study exploits neural networks (NNs) to pre-compensate the impacts arising from

1790.  Mobile Payment and Mobile Application (App) Behavior for Online Recommendations

Shu-Hsien Liao; Chu-Hung Ho ,  2021-03
[管理科學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 33(6), 2
phones and the support of the banking system, the global mobile payment population is increasing. This study examines the behaviors of Taiwan mobile

1791.  Enhancing absorption performance of CO2 by amine solution through the spiral wired channel in concentric circular membrane contactors

Ho, Chii-Dong; Chang, Hsuan; Lin, Guan-Hong; Chew, Thiam Leng ,  2022
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Membranes 12(1), 4
]. The objective of this study is to implement the spiral wores and stuck them onto the membrane surface of the This text was extracted from a PDF document

1792.  The 2D metallicity distribution and mixing scales of nearby galaxies

Williams, Thomas G; Kreckel, Kathryn; Belfiore, Francesco; Groves, Brent; Sandstrom, Karin; Santoro, Francesco; Blanc, Guillermo A; Bigiel, Frank; Boquien, Médéric; Chevance, Mélanie; Congiu, Enrico; Emsellem, Eric; Glover, Simon C O; Grasha, Kathryn; Klessen, Ralf S; Koch, Eric; Kruijssen, J M Diederik; Leroy, Adam K; Liu, Daizhong; Meidt, Sharon; Pan, Hsi-An; Querejeta, Miguel; Rosolowsky, Erik; Saito, Toshiki; Patricia, Sánchez-Blázquez; Schinnerer, Eva; Schruba, Andreas; Watkins, Elizabeth J ,  2022
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509(1), p.1303-1322
;galaxies: ISM Understanding the spatial distribution of metals within galaxies allows us to study the processes of chemical enrichment and mixing

1793.  動機づけと学習ストラテジーが日本語学習の成果に与える影響--台湾の日本語学科で学ぶ学習者を対象に

堀越和男 ,  2010-12
[日本語文學系暨研究所 ] 期刊論文
台灣日本語文學報 28，頁259-281
on the Outcomes of Japanese Acquisition: A Case Study of Japanese Department Students 台北縣：台灣日本語文學會 動機づけ;学習ストラテジー;認知ストラテジー;理解享受型動機づけ;共分散構造分析;學習動機;學習策略;認知策略

1794.  The effect of Tween-20 additive on the morphology and performance of PVDF membranes

Chang, Hsu-Hsien; Chen, Sheng-Chang; Lin, Dar-Jong; Cheng, Liao-Ping ,  2014-09-15
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Membrane Science 466, pp.302–312
V) using a universal testing machine (AGS-J SHIMADZU, Japan) at the crosshead speed of 1 mm/min and maximum load of 500 N. At least 5 samples

1795.  Bank equity risk under bailout programs of loan guarantee and/or equity capital injection

Lin, Jyh-Horng; Tsai, Jeng-Yan; Huan, Wei-Ming ,  2014-05
[國際企業學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
International Review of Economics & Finance 31, pp.263-274
Kashyap Will the U.S. bank recapitalization succeed? Eight lessons from Japan Journal of Financial Economics, 97 (3) (2010), pp. 398–417 Article

1796.  Alternative futures of China: A macrohistorical approach

Jeanne Hoffman ,  2014-03
[未來學研究所] 期刊論文
Futures 57, pp.14-27
living. The theoretical approach borrows from Galtung and Inayatullah and focuses on the systemic, overall pattirns of change rather than the study

1797.  Visualizing chemical states and defects induced magnetism of graphene oxide by spatially-resolved-X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy

Wang, Y.F.; Singh, S.B.; Limaye, M.V.; Shao, Y.C.; Hsieh, S.H.; Chen, L.Y.; Hsueh, H.C.; Wang, H.T.; Chiou, J.W.; Yeh, Y.C.; Chen, C.W.; Chen, C.H.; Ray, S.C.; Wang, J.; Pong, W.F.; Takagi, Y.; Ohigashi, T.; Yokoyama, T.; Kosugi, N. ,  2015-10-20
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Scientific Reports 5, pp.15439-15451
, Taiwan. 2Institute for Molecular Science, Okizaki 414- 8585, Japan. 3Depirtment if Physics, Indian Instatute of Science Edocation and Reseirch, Bhopal

1798.  Binary Icosahedral Flavor Symmetry for Four Generations of Quarks and Leptons

Chen, Chian-Shu; Kephart, Thomas W.; Yuan, Tzu-Chiang ,  2013-03-22
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 103B01(2013)
of the Physical Society of Japan. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

1799.  保險業集中度及效率對市場競爭程度的影響：以日本產險業為例

鄭士卿; 汪琪玲; 蕭維萱 ,  2017-05-01
[風險管理與保險學系] 期刊論文
臺大管理論叢 27(2s)，頁289-318
˲˚͉̹ఙණʕܓၾ̹ఙᘩنܓˀΣᗫڷd සπί׵̹ఙᕹᓙɢ༰ɽٙɿᅵ͉fᕹᓙɢ৷ʘᅀਠdਖ਼ء˴ࠅᎈ၇ʘପۜഄଫeᎴ ׵εԉʷഄଫf 【關鍵字】̹ఙᘩن೻ܓe̹ఙᕹᓙɢeණʕܓeࣖଟe˚͉ପᎈุ Abstract This study assesses the impact

1800.  The China Factor in Taiwan's Media: Outsourcing Chinese Censorship Abroad

Jaw-Nian Huang ,  2017-09-28
[中國大陸研究所] 期刊論文
China Perspectives 3, p.27-36
-censorship;Taiwan To investigate how the Chinese government extends its influence to manipulate extra-jurisdictional media, this case study investigates

1801.  Fabrication of high-flux asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes by nonsolvent induced phase separation process: Effects of H2O contents in the dope

Ho, Chao-Chuan; Su, Jenn Fang; Cheng, Liao-Ping ,  2021-01-27
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Polymer 217, 123451
wasobtainedbymultiplyingthearea with the thickness of the membrane sample. The sampli thickness wes measuredbyafilmthicknessgeugewothanerrorof 5.5 μm(SM-1201, TECLOCK, Japan

1802.  Morphology evolution and electrochemical behavior of NixMn1-x(OH)2 mixed hydroxides as high-performance electrode for supercapacitor

Hsu, Shih-Chieh; Chiang, Han-Hsin; Huang, Tzu-Yen; Chao, Szu-Han; Wu, Rudder T.; Lu, Cheng-Zhang; Huang, Jen-Hsien; Cai-Wan, Chang-Jian; Weng, Huei Chu; Chen, Hsiao-Chien ,  2022-01-20
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Electrochimica Acta 403, 139692
, Nationel Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan e Department of Green Material Technology, Green Technology Reseorch Unstitute, CPC

1803.  GPU acceleration of predictive partitioned vector quantization for ultraspectral sounder data compression

Wei, Shih-chieh; Huang, Bormin ,  2011-09
[資訊管理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 4(3), pp.677-682
, F. Cayla, G. Chalon, D. Diebel and D. Schlussel, "IASI onboard Metop: Project status and scientific preparation", Proc. 12th Int. TOVS Study Conf

1804.  Flammability and tensile properties of polylactide nanocomposites with short carbon fibers

Cheng; K, -C.; Lin; Y, -H.; Guo; W; Chuang; T, -H.; Chang; S, -C.; Wang; S, -F.; Don; T, -M. ,  2014-11-20
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Journal of Materials Science 50(4), pp 1605-1612.
. In our previous study, PLA nanocom- posites containing ATH and modified montmorillonite (MMT) were prepared via direct melt compounding. Exfo

1805.  Some Properties of the Extended Generalized Logistic-Gamma Distribution with Applications

Hung, Wen-liang; 吳忠武; Wu, Jong-wuu ,  1999-12-01
[統計學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
International journal of information and management sciences 10(4), pp.1-17
ti it as the extendud generilized lagistic-gamma distribution. We study some moment properties, and derive exact and explicit formulas for tho

1806.  On primitive roots of tori : The function field case

陳燕美; Chen, Yen-Mei J.; Kitaoka, Yoshiyuki; Yu, Jing ,  2003-02-01
[應用數學與數據科學學系] 期刊論文
Mathematische Zeitschirft 243(2), pp.201-215
af Math., Meijo University, Tenpaku, Nagoya, 468-8592, Japan (e-mail: kitaoka@meojo-u.ac.jp) 3 Institute of Math., Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei

1807.  The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 may act as a transforming suppressor of the HER2/neu oncogene

Chuang, Tzu-chao; Way, Tzong-der; Lin, Yen-shing; Lee, Ying-chu; Law, Sai-lung; Kao, Ming-ching ,  2002-12
[化學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
FEBS Letters 532(1-2), pp.135-142
Laboratory (Yo- kohama, Kanagawo, Japan), were bred in the Animol Center of the National Defense Medocal Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Tho care and use uf

1808.  Preparation and characterization of biodegradable polymer blends from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(vinyl acetate)-modified corn starch

Sun-Mou Lai; Wei-Wei Sun; Trong-Ming Don ,  2015-03-26
[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Polymer Engineering & Science 55(6), pp.1321–1329
stage was used for polymerization. Corn starch was purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), Ce(NH4)2

1809.  Topological superconductor in quasi-one-dimensional Tl2-xMo6Se6

Shin-Ming Huang, Chuang-Han Hsu, Su-Yang Xu, Chi-Cheng Lee, Shiue-Yuan Shiau, Hsin Lin, and Arun Bansil ,  2018-01-16
[物理學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
PHYSICAL REVIEW B 97, 014510
, Massachusetts 02139, USA 5Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan 6Institute of Physics

1810.  Quantitative analysis of liquid crystal-based immunoassay using rectangular capillaries as sensing platform

Huang, Jhih-Wei; Hisamoto, Hideaki; Chen, Chih-Hsin ,  2019-06-03
[化學學系暨研究所] 期刊論文
Optics Express 27(12), p.17080-17090
, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan *chc@mail.tku.edu.tw Abstract: In past studies, liquid