This study examines the relationship between student engagement and academic achievement in higher education for the purpose of understanding its effect on improving students’ career choices. There are 1,554 college students succeeded participating the survey conducted in Taiwan. MANOVA, t-test, and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses were used to analyze the relationships among student engagement, academic achievement, and career choices. The results reveal that there are significant differences between male and female students in their cognitive engagement, academic achievement, civil-service intention, and academic development. The results demonstrate that student engagement has a significant direct effect on academic achievement and career choice. Nonetheless, academic achievement has no significant effect on career choice. At the same time, the impact of student engagement varies by gender when it came to academic achievement and career choices. This study suggests encouraging student engagement, which will lead to improvements in students’ academic achievement and career choices in higher education settings.