Although Taiwan implemented the National Health Insurance (NHI) program, which was a considerable achievement that has enabled all citizens’ access to medical care services since 1995, substantial discrepancies in the distance to hospitals that affects a patient’s hospital-seeking behavior exist between different districts and communities (Chang, et al., 2009). In this study, the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was used to select patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis for analyses. The purpose of this study was to observe how factors, such as the severity of osteoarthritis in patients, the amount of medical resources available in residencies, the amount of copayment, and the difficulties of receiving medical services because of individual factors, affect the use of cross-regional health care by residents.