混合車流情境之機車交通安全工程設計方法研究

淡江大學機構典藏 > 商管學院 > 運輸管理學系暨研究所 > 研究報告 > Item 987654321/97617

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题名:	混合車流情境之機車交通安全工程設計方法研究
作者:	張勝雄;陳菀蕙;曾平毅;林聖超
贡献者:	淡江大學運輸管理學系
关键词:	機車;交通安全;工程設計
日期:	2013
上传时间:	2014-04-01 11:22:16 (UTC+8)
摘要:	機車是國內主要短途使用之交通工具，車輛登記數已達1500萬輛。近年來道路交通事故受傷當事者中，機車運具（含駕駛者和乘客）超過八成，造成極大的社會成本。考量機車安全或效率，我國現有機車（指250cc以下，以下均同）在交通工程與管理措施上有許多特有之設計元素，如內側車道「禁行機車」、三車道以上道路多採「兩段式左轉」、停止線後方設置「機車停等區」、空間許可下之長路段佈設「機車專用道」或「機車優先道」等。惟目前設計方法，雖能處理部分汽、機車在路段與路口之衝突，對於路段中汽車或公車停靠以及汽車右轉與直行機車所造成之衝突性，仍未能有效處理；且目前車道寬多係以汽車觀點設計，無形中增加機車行駛的亂度與速度而提高事故風險，有待發展不同路型下混合車流情境之系統化機車交通安全工程設計方法以茲因應。本研究依據影響機車行駛行為與事故風險之因素界定機車之行駛空間，利用警政署事故資料庫進行安全課題的巨觀分析，分析在不同道路類別、道路型態、分向／分道設施、交通管制等不同道路條件與交通環境下之機車事故類型與安全問題。再以巨觀分析結果為基礎，收集特定道路路型、交通環境之事故調查報告，由事故現場圖、筆錄資料、肇因初步研判等分析事故的衝突原因；並收集路口路段監視器、行車記錄器等所拍攝之實際事故影像，配合自行拍攝之機車行駛影像等探討機車於特定道路路型之實際行駛行為、事故行為與衝突原因，藉此了解潛在之風險與衝突原因，進行安全課題的微觀分析。最後，依據不同的安全問題與交通工程課題，研擬混合車流情境下機車交通工程設計方案，並評估各改善方案之風險。 In Taiwan, motorcycles are the major means of transportation used for short distance trips. The number of registered motorcycles has already risen to 15 million. Among the victims in traffic crashes, the percentage of motorcycle users (including motorcyclists and passengers) exceeds 80%. Motorcycle accidents incur a great social cost. In an effort to improve motorcycle rider safety and traffic flow efficiency, numerous roadway design features and management strategies have been devised for motorcycles (with engine capacity of 250 cc or less). For example, motorcycles may be prohibited in the inboard lane closest to the oncoming traffic, and motorcycles may be required to make a two-stage left turn at intersections where there are three or more lanes. However, current safety design features can only partially deal with conflicts between motorcycles and other vehicles, and several traffic conflict problems in straight lanes are still unsolved; for example, motorcycle riders going straight have conflictswith taxi drivers and bus drivers going to the roadside to pick up passengers. Moreover, the width of lanes on a roadway is designed from the view of car drivers. Risky behavior by motorcyclists, such as weaving in traffic and speeding, increases the accident risk for motorcycle riders. These issues highlight the need for improved roadway design for motorcycle safety in situations of mixed traffic flow. This study aims to develop engineering methods of roadway design for motorcycle safety in situations of mixed traffic flow with the consideration of motorcycle rider behaviors and factors contributing to crashes. This study will analyze the road crash database built by the National Police Agency, Ministry of the Interior. The following factors will be considered to identify the critical accident types for motorcycle accidents: types of collisions, types of roads, separation designs for lanes in different directions on a road, separation designs for lanes in the same direction, traffic control facilities (e.g., traffic signals), and traffic conditions (e.g., traffic flow). Based on the results of the macro analysis mentioned above, this study will sample certain patterns of accidents and collect more detailed information about motorcycle rider behaviors, other vehicle driver behaviors, road situations, traffic conditions and safety problems using data recorded by video cameras on roads, in vehicles and on helmets worn by motorcycle riders. The detailed video data will help us to micro-investigate and understand the causes of accidents. Finally, based on the safety problems and traffic engineering issues found in the macro and micro analyses, this study will provide different roadway designs for motorcycle traffic safety in situations of mixed traffic flow. This study will also evaluate the risks presented by the different designs.
显示于类别:	[運輸管理學系暨研究所] 研究報告

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