在近代生產管理方面，日本企業界提出及時(Just-in-Time, JIT)存貨管理系統以提高企業的生產力，且效果頗為顯著。所謂JIT 存貨管理系統是強調高品質、低存貨、低整備成本(setup cost)及短的前置時間(lead time)。因此，前置時間與整備成本是可藉由額外投資成本的增加來縮減。縮短前置時間及減少整備成本可以降低安全存量、減少資金積壓、提高對顧客的服務水準、並增加企業的競爭能力。本研究針對此特性(前置時間及整備成本藉由額外投資成本的增加而縮減)嘗試建立在實收貨品數量不確定下，缺貨數量允許部份欠撥與部份不補(銷售損失)的混合存貨模型，其中訂購量、請購點、整備成本及前置時間均為決策變數。在本研究中，我們首先假設前置時間內的需求量服從常態分配，其次探討前置時間內需求量的機率分配為未知的情形，並且利用大中取小分配不拘程序求解。我們亦分別針對此兩種情形(前置時間內需求量的機率分配為常態分配或分配不拘)建立求得最適訂購策略之演算法，且探討參數的敏感度分析。 Through the Japanese experience of using Just-in-Time (JIT) production shows that there are advantages and benefits associated with their efforts to reduce lead time and setup cost. Therefore, lead time and setup cost can be reduced by the expensive of an additional investment cost. By reducing lead time and setup cost, we can lower the safety stock, reduce the loss caused by shortage, improve the service level to the customer, and increase the competitive ability in business. This article combines the concept of capital investment allocated to reduce lead time and setup cost when the amount received is uncertain. Our goal is to focus on this property (lead time and setup cost can be reduced by capital investment cost) and try to develop a mixture inventory model with backorder and lost sale, in which order quantity, reorder point, setup cost and lead time are decision variables. In our studies, we first assume that lead time demand follows a normal distribution, and then consider the case that the form of the distribution function of lead time demand is unknown and apply the minimax distribution free procedure to solve the problem. We also develop an algorithm to obtain the optimal ordering strategy for each case (the lead time demand follows normal distribution or distribution free). Furthermore, the effects of parameters are also included.
在實收貨品數量不確定下前置時間與整備成本可縮減之連續盤查存貨模式 Lead Time and Setup Cost Reductions in Continuous Review Inventory Model When the Amount Received is Uncertain_西文摘要.docx
