淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/94290
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    Title: 唐代鳳翔節度使研究
    Other Titles: Study of Fung Cheung Jiedushi in Tang dynasty
    Authors: 洪子容;Hong, Zih-Rong
    Contributors: 淡江大學歷史學系碩士班
    林煌達;Lin, Huang-Ta
    Keywords: 鳳翔;節度使;神策軍;變亂;宦官;吐蕃;Fung Cheung;jiedushi;Shen Cejun;turmoil;eunuch;Tubo
    Date: 2013
    Issue Date: 2014-01-23 14:15:54 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 唐代鳳翔地區的軍事地位舉足輕重,有「關中之心膂、長安之右輔」之稱。肅宗至德二載(西元757年)十二月,將鳳翔郡升格為鳳翔府,號為西京,與京兆、成都、河南(洛陽)、太原合稱五京。鳳翔地區位處交通要衝,東臨長安,西接隴右,南下可通興元及成都。其富饒的自然環境,更提供良好的農業及牧馬條件。
    本文主要分析關於鳳翔節度使的建置過程、人事結構、在安定李唐帝國內部亂事中所作的貢獻及禦邊功能等問題,希望藉此探究鳳翔節度使與李唐王朝之關係。研究之時間範圍,主要始自唐肅宗上元元年(760)鳳翔建節,以迄僖宗光啟三年(887)李茂貞擔任鳳翔節度使止,期間近127年。
    安史作亂時,吐蕃乘機攻佔西域,頻寇鳳翔地區。為了抵禦吐蕃之東進政策及安史叛軍的向西進攻,於肅宗上元元年(760)設置鳳翔節度使,統轄鳳翔府及隴州。由於鳳翔地區為神策軍勢力範圍,其藩帥任命多由神策中尉派遣武將出任。另外,近半鳳翔節度使與宰相職有關,顯示此區深受唐室重視。
    中晚唐時期,鳳翔節度使在安定李唐帝國內部的亂事及抵禦外族方面扮演著重要的角色。涇師之變時,鳳翔節度使僚佐韋皋,對叛將李楚琳進行牽制。黃巢之亂爆發後,鳳翔節度使鄭畋所率領的軍隊,於龍尾陂一役取得勝利,提振唐軍士氣。而在誅除宦官的行動上,鳳翔節度使曾投入誅殺魚朝恩、「甘露之變」及討伐田令孜的行列。此外,鳳翔節度使李抱玉、李晟、邢君牙等名將,有效發揮防衛功能,成功地遏阻吐蕃的進犯。
    綜觀唐代歷任鳳翔節度使,多能克盡厥職,並達成使命,因此極獲唐室之器重。
    Reputed to be “Heart of Ganzhong” and “the auxiliary to Chang’an (the capital city)”, Fung Cheung Region was in a significantly strategic position. In December, 757 AD, Fung Cheung was promoted administratively from City to Special Municipal City and entitled as “Xijing”, one of Five Municipalities apart from Jingzhao, Chengdu, Henan and Taiyuan. As a transport hub, Fung Cheung Region bordered to Chang’an to its east, LongYou to its west and controlled a southward passage to Xingyuan and Chengdu. Besides, its prosperous environment provided for the good development of farming and horse-raising.
    This thesis analyzed and emphasized on the relations between Li Tang Empire and Fung Cheung Jiedushi (the region’s garrison commander) through its designation, evolution, composition in human resources, fortification of the national boundaries, and its contributions to quelling political unrest. The study chronicles the broad social and political changes that occurred from 760 AD (the establishment of Fung Cheung Jiedushi) to 887 AD (Li Maozhen served as Jiedushi), approximately 127 years.
    During An Lushan and Shi Szeming rebellion, taking advantage of occasion, Tubo invaded the Western Regions and frequently attacked Fung Cheung Region. To defense Tubo’s aggression and to suppress the revolt, the military commissioner of Fung Cheung (jiedushi) was created in 760 AD, governing Fung Cheung and Longzhou. Under the control of Shen Ceju Army, its lieutenant sent and dispatched the military officers as jiedushi, most of them appointed later as prime ministers. From this viewpoint, Fung Cheung Jiedushi was a position that Li Tang Empire authorities valued highly of.
    In the late Tang Dynasty, Fung Cheung Jiedushi played an vital role in the internal stability of Li Tang Empire and its national defense. The significance of Fung Cheung Jiedushi lay in the following cases mentioned. In the insurgency of Jingzhou, Fung Cheung Jiedushi’s assistant Wei Gao effectively contained the renegade general Li Chulin’s action. Furthermore, when Huang Chao Rebellion broke out, Fung Cheung Jiedushi Zheng-tin led the troop to victory at Lung Mei Pei, which boosted up the morale of the Tang’s army. What’s more, in assassination of eunuchs, Fung Cheung Jiedushi assisted in murdering Yu Zhaoen, dealing with “turmoil of sweet dew” and crusading against Tain Lingzi. In addition to domestic affairs, several renowned generals of Fung Cheung, such as Li Baoyu, Li Sheng, Xing Junya, successfully employed their military tactics for intimidating the foreign invaders.
    Overall, all Fung Cheung Jiedushi in Tang Dynasty could perform diligently their duties and accomplished their mission. Therefore, it was apparent that this post was highly praised by Li Tang Empire authorities.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute & Department of History] Thesis

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