在少子化趨勢下，教育服務業普遍存在一股「創業維艱、守成不易」的氛圍。故本研究以教育服務業的創業家做為研究對象，以了解教育服務業創業家在少子化趨勢下，所具備的創業精神及人格特質。並且探討創業精神與創新績效之間的關聯性，以及了解因少子化對其目前創業的影響。本研究係為量化研究，採問卷調查法，於北部地區進行配額抽樣，計發放200份問卷樣本，有效回收樣本數計153份，有效回收率為76.5%。回收之有效樣本在經過信、效度分析、驗證性因素分析、相關分析、迴歸分析及對應分析驗證後，研究結果為：(1)教育服務業創業家的創新能力之知識的分享、科學的技術與能力及科學態度對其年營業額，皆具有正相關及顯著影響。(2)教育服務業創業家的偶然力之知識管理、能力、態度及幸福感對其年營業額，皆具有正相關及顯著影響。(3)少子化趨勢對於目前教育服務業創業家，是具有創業影響的，其影響的程度，與創業家的創新能力與偶然力呈正相關。(4)創新能力量表與偶然力量表，二者具有高度正相關及顯著影響，未來如提高樣本數至300份以上，再以AMOS進行CFA分析，應可整合為乙份量表。 本研究主要貢獻為：(1)驗證教育服務業創業家是企業內較具創新能力及偶然力的關鍵角色。(2)創新能力及偶然力，可以視為創業精神的衡量構面。(3)教育服務創業家需具有良好的創業精神，以面對少子化的經營困境，另人格特質趨向於盡責性及外向性，可做為創業家尋找接班人選時的參考。(4)本研究所使用的問卷量表，經驗證後確實可用於教育服務業之相關研究使用。 許多機會經常在我們生活周遭，許多創新也是偶然的發現，故創業家要培養細微的觀察能力與保持好奇的態度，方可擁有偶然力，並與創新能力相連結。而擁有好的創業精神，方能在知識經濟的年代及面對少子化競爭的經營挑戰中，持續維持或創造更好的創業績效。 This dissertation explored and studied the traits of personality and the innovation Capacity of the entrepreneurs in the Education Service Industry. Moreover, this dissertation is aimed to provide the relevance to the entrepreneurship and the performance by the entrepreneurs, and the impacts of the trend of decreasing birth rate. The research undertakes the methods of quantitative studies by distributing questionnaires to the selected samples in the northern part of Taiwan. The size of sampling is 200 samples with 153 effective samples, the effective response rate is 76.5% .The main findings are indicated as below: There is a significant contribution and a positive correlation by experience sharing, scientific attitudes and the ability of technology adaption of the entrepreneurs. 1.The serendipity of entrepreneurs has a positive influence on the annual turnover. 2.The trend of decreasing birth rate is a main influence factor in Education Service industry, the level of influence depends on the innovation capacity and serendipity of the entrepreneurs. 3.The table of the innovation capacity rate and the table of the serendipity rate are highly relevant. These two tables could be integrated into one table under the condition of the size of sampling of 300. The importance of this research is: 1.The entrepreneurs of the Education Service industry, who are playing the key roles in this industry, have highly potential of innovation capacity and the serendipity. 2.The innovation capacity and the serendipity are the key factors of entrepreneurship. 3.The difficulties of the trend of decreasing birth rate will be the challenge for the entrepreneurs. The positive and active attitudes and responsibility will be taken into consideration when seeking and selecting the successors. 4.The questionnaires provided by this research could be undertaken by the relevant researches and studies. Accordingly, a successful entrepreneur who has the detailed insights of business and the innovation which are the major elements of having the serendipity, especially under the trend of decreasing birth rate, would achieve the sustainable development and the profitable performance.
