| 摘要: | 根據文獻指出，育兒時間對於子女的未來發展影響極大。既有文獻多以最小平方法(ordinary least squares)或是Tobit模型作為研究方法，因而僅能分析育兒時間為平均值的人。此外，既有文獻也未解決育兒時間的實證模型中，薪資於可能為內生的問題。然而，為增加育兒時間並進而提升人力素質，必須關心的是育兒時間較少的人，其育兒時間的決定因素為何。因此本文採用「受限制工具變數分量迴歸模型 (censored quantile instrumental variable model)」為估計方法，利用美國時間運用調查(American Time Use Survey) 2003至2010的個體資料，研究育兒時間的決定因素。實證結果指出，其它種族虛擬變數，在低分量時顯著為負，在高分量時不顯著。顯示政府應針對非西語裔的其它種族，加強宣導育兒的重要性。
Parents’ time on child care has profound impact on children’s human capital formation. Previous studies on parental time with children, which use ordinary least squares and Tobit model as their estimation method, focus on conditional mean of parental time with children. As far as we know, no empirical attention has been paid to parents that spent little time with children. Since wage is likely to be endogenous to time spent with children, this thesis uses censored quantile instrumental variable estimator to analyze the determinants of time spent on child care. Based on micro data from the 2003-2010 American Time Use Survey, we found that the dummy variable for non-hispanic non-black and non-white is statistically significantly negatively associated with time spent with children. This result implies that more resources should be directed to facilitating and promoting parental time with children
among non-hispanic non-black and non-white parents. |