主要的時間點從1970年代起至2013年四月法國國會正式通過同性婚姻及領養法案的這段期間為研究目標。先從過去同性戀者在法國社會上的情況談起，至七十年代在性別研究的發展下所產生對於同性戀議題的論述。接著分析在同性論述的發展影響下於七十年代開始同志團體所進行的運動過程與模式。探討法國同志要求法律上的認同的前因，〈民事共同責任協定〉立法辯論期間各界所採取的立場與態度，事件發展的因果關係與妥協因素，以及施行後真正的現況。最後就同性戀者進一步的行動，與整個過程中法國政府、宗教團體、社會大眾面對同性戀議題所採取的立場與態度等。依據時序逐步探討過程發展與轉變的因素，試以整合了解在法國法律中涉及同性戀者權利的變化情況與相關法律所產生的整個文化上、社會上的整體性影響。 Homosexual behavior has always been a part of human existence. Up to the early twentieth century, most homosexuals continued to keep their sexual orientation hidden because of the prejudice against them. In the 1970s, French gays and lesbians formed organizations to fight the discriminatory laws, they wanted to abolish the laws that criminalized homosexual acts. After that, homosexuals have fought to obtain formal recognition of their relationships, they want civil rights protection. The rights of same-sex couples to marry and the rights of gays as adoptive parents are two of the most controversial issues. In 1999, the law of the PACS（Pacte civil de solidarite）passed in France. The government opted for the middle ground, implemented a new institution, a domestic partnership regime. The PACS is the first law which admits and protects homosexual couples in France. The PACS is a form of civil union between two adults for organizing their common life. Both heterosexual and homosexual couples can register PACS, it provides equal benefits to all kind of couples who can enjoy less benefits and rights than those provide by a marriage. This new institution can be seen as recognition of the homosexual relationship, but it dose not have the right to be called a marriage and does not confer the right to adopt children. After the PACS passed, French same-sex couples are demanding more and more openly the right which has not been admitted in the name of equality. The purpose of the research is to find the meaning and sociocultural impacts of the PACS in the way of homosexuals fight for the equal rights.
