| 摘要: | 民眾對國民黨、民進黨兩個主流政黨的不滿，一直是台灣社會長期以來的政治現象。本文以反政黨情緒為研究主題，嘗試探討此一政治態度在我國的分布情形、人口特徵，以及可能造成的政治後果。參酌相關文獻與盱衡我國政治情況，本文設計了政治清廉、選舉公平、執政能力、民意反映等四道題目，以測量台灣民眾的反政黨情緒。研究主要採用電話訪問法，針對年滿 20歲的台灣民眾為調查母體，共計成功訪問1,208個有效樣本。 本文主要研究發現分述如下。第一、在四道測量反政黨情緒的題目中，僅在執政能力一題，多數民眾對政黨呈現正面的評價；相對地，在政治清廉、選舉公平、民意反映等三題，多數民意皆對政黨表現持負面看法。第二、關於反政黨情緒者的人口特徵，研究顯示，年紀輕、教育程度高、白領階級、居住於城市者，會傾向具有較高的反政黨情緒。第三、反政黨情緒在政治參與、政治支持兩個層面呈現不一的效果。在政治參與的層面，反政黨情緒愈強的民眾，愈對政黨所舉辦的各項活動沒有興趣，愈不會去投票，投票時也愈不會以政黨為投票對象的參考。在政治支持的層面，反政黨情緒對民主滿意呈現顯著的負面效果；不過，反政黨情緒對於政黨正當性、民主支持的影響皆未達統計上的顯著水準。此一結果與現今多數西方民主所呈現的情況類似，亦即反政黨情緒雖已是一個值得注意的政治現象，但其存在仍不至於動搖現有政黨政治與民主政治的運作。
Popular dissatisfaction with two mainstream parties has been a significant phenomenon in Taiwan. By applying the concept of anti-party sentiment, this study attempts to explore the following questions: (1) what is the percentage of anti-party sentiment? (2) who are the citizens with anti-party sentiment? (3) what are political consequences led by anti-party sentiment? To measure anti-party sentiment, the author designs four variables concerning political corruption, election fairness, leadership, and representation. Totally 1,208 samples are collected from the telephone interview. There are several findings. First, most people are dissatisfied with the performances of political parties, except for leadership. Second, demographic characteristics for people with anti-party sentiment include young age, high education, white collar, and city inhabitant. Third, anti-party sentiment exerts negative effect on political participation and democratic satisfaction. On the contrary, anti-party sentiment doesn’t show significant effect on party legitimacy and democratic support. Above findings imply that the case of Taiwan is similar with most western democracies. Although anti-party sentiment could be treatedas an important phenomenon in Taiwan, it might not jeopardize Taiwan democracy. |
