本研究從事三成分高分子複材(PLA/PTT/filler)之開發，以及其各種機 械和流變性質之比較。本研究之基材為聚乳酸（PLA）和聚對苯二甲酸丙 二醇酯（PTT）之摻和物。三種不同的填充材分別為馬來酸酐接枝聚（乙 烯 - 辛烯）（mPOE），天然的醋酸纖維素以及納米黏土Cloisite 30B。 首先，藉由DSC和SEM針對含不同成分PPT基材之實驗研究，證實其存 在兩個不同玻璃轉變溫度（Tg）和兩個不相容的相(phase)。 mPOE本質是橡膠，通常作為一種增韌劑，固其添加會增強材料的耐 衝擊強度。另一方面，mPOE亦可以增加PLA的結晶度和提升其楊氏係數， SEM顯示PLA/PTT/mPOE具有三相的微結構。 當基材PLA/PTT添加醋 酸纖維素，其機械性質仍可保持在適度的值，雖然與mPOE趨勢是相反的， 隨著纖維素添加量的增加，其衝擊強度、楊氏係數和基材結晶度都呈下降 趨勢。與其他填充料相比，單位體積納米黏土具有高表面積特性，故只添 加極少量卻有良好的機械性質。但是，Cloisite 30B 的添加量如高達 3%，所有機械性質均會下降，這可能是由於納米顆粒集聚，造成分散不 均的結果。 Ternary blends with a matrix of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) were studied. The third component added was maleic anhydride grafted poly(ethylene octene) (mPOE), because grafted copolymers are often used as compatibilizers in immiscible matrices. Another filler was cellulose acetate, as a natural filler and Cloisite 30B as a nanoclay. Firstly matrix with various amounts of PTT was investigated. DSC and SEM results confirms immiscibility by showing two different glass transition temperatures (Tg) and two distinguishable phases. Mechanical properties of the mixtures are between the values for pure PLA and pure PTT. Addition of mPOE increases Izod impact strength, as it is rubbery component. On the other hand, mPOE increases crystallinity in PLA phase and higher amount of mPOE lowers Young''s modulus. SEM pictures show creation of ternary phase. Cellulose acetate keeps mechanical properties in moderate values although the trend is opposite to mPOE. With higher amount of cellulose impact strength was decreased, Young''s modulus increased and crystallinity of the matrix was decreased as well. Nanoclay showed best properties with small addition, which is related to highest surface area compared to the same volume of other fillers. With the addition of 3% of 30B, all mechanical properties decreased which can be the result of agglomeration of nanoparticles in microscale causing concentration of tension.
