淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/87887
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    题名: 以流體力學方法提昇稻稈水解液中糖類的膜過濾效率
    其它题名: Use of hydrodynamic methods to enhance membrane filtration efficiency of sugar produced by rice straw hydrolysis
    作者: 蔡鴻源;Tsai, Hung-Yuan
    贡献者: 淡江大學化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
    黃國楨
    关键词: 中空纖維膜;酵素;水解;葡萄糖;Hollow fiber;enzyme;Hydrolysis;Glucose
    日期: 2012
    上传时间: 2013-04-13 11:50:23 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究是以中空纖維膜來分離水解稻稈懸浮液中的糖類。進而探討不同操作條件與流體力學方式對於分離水解液中糖類的影響。本研究使用材質為聚碸(Polysulfone),孔徑為10 kD之中空纖維膜來進行透析過濾。由單純的葡萄糖水溶液的過濾結果來看,可看出葡萄糖過濾時主要的阻力為薄膜阻力,而在高壓情況下葡萄糖穿透率率會有些下降。從水解液的透析過濾實驗與葡萄糖水溶液透析過濾比較,可以發現加入酵素後,濾速下降約85-90 %,其中過濾阻力主要為酵素在膜孔內阻塞與濾餅生成。此外,操作壓力越大葡萄糖的產率也會越高,但當操作壓力大於80 kPa後,壓力對濾液端葡萄糖產率就無明顯影響。但是水解液透析過濾之葡萄糖產率則與壓力呈現正比關係。固定操作壓力為60 kPa改變掃流速度時,當掃流速度增加5倍,其濾速可以增加3倍。接著將實驗獲得各項阻力的經驗式代入阻力串聯模式中,尋找出不同操作條件下的濾速。最後使用兩種流體力學方式增加濾速,其中間接式進料法約可以增加24.7 %之濾速;逐步增壓法則可以增加34.6 %之濾速。
    The separations of sugars from hydrolysis suspension using hollow fiber and flat plate membranes are studied. The effects of operating conditions and hydrodynamic methods on the sugar separation performance are discussed. The hollow fibers used in the experiments are made of polysulfone, and their mean pore size is 10 kD. In the filtration of pure glucose, the main resistance source is the membrane because of trivial membrane fouling, and the sugar transmission decreases slightly under high pressures. When enzyme exists in the suspension, the filtration rate decreases about 85 - 90% compared to those in the filtration of pure glucose. The major resistances are due to the enzyme blocking in the membrane pores and the cake formation on the membrane surface. Increasing the transmembrane pressure results in higher glucose yield. However, this effect becomes trivial when the pressure exceeds 80 kPa. An increase in cross-flow velocity under fixed transmembrane pressure leads to higher filtration rate. The filtration rate increases three times when cross-flow velocity increases from 0.3 to 1.5 m/s. Some empirical equations are established to correlate the filtration resistances with operating conditions. The filtration rate can be estimated accurately by substituting the calculated resistances into modified Darcys’ law. In addition, several hydrodynamic methods are tested to increase the filtration rate. A pulse feeding way may increase the filtration rate by 24.7%, while the way of step-increasing pressure can increase the filtration rate as high as 34.6%.
    显示于类别:[化學工程與材料工程學系暨研究所] 學位論文

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