| 摘要: | 本研究的目的是建立一套適用「高齡輪椅使用者」空間，以逃生避難為核心的設計原則，來改善高齡友善養護中心的空間，探討空間的通用性、安全性、感受性的價值，引用認知價值導入設計操作手法。 因現今大部分的高齡友善養護中心的空間設計，以無障礙環境為優先的考量項目之一，而無障礙環境的使用對象過於廣泛，養護中心對於無障礙環境定義皆為不同，仍以一般的無障礙環境空間設計為藍本，與實際的使用行為操作上，有許多的衝突與錯誤，並給使用者的感受性不好；因此，希望藉由本次的研究結果，針對於台灣的高齡友善養護中心的空間設計上，能夠有效的提升使用者逃生避難的能力。
本研究所探討的問題為：如何發展適用於高齡輪椅使用者在高齡友善養護中心的空間逃生避難為核心之設計原則？本研究以下三個課題切入，分別為〈一〉通用性－空間通用性〈二〉安全性－逃生避難〈三〉感受性－無障礙環境；並且藉由認知價值模型的操作手法，以下三點來操作：〈A〉操作－空間的操作與使用〈B〉感知－給予使用者感受〈C〉價值－賦予的價值與重要性，來操作與分析研究。
本研究方法依研究與設計兩階段共有六種，第一階段的研究方法有兩種，分別為文獻探討與深度訪談，第二階段的設計方法有四種，分別為建立價值模型表、設計原則、設計操作與評估。可分為下列七個步驟：〈一〉建立題型設與深度訪談。〈二〉訪談資料的分析與判讀。〈三〉認知價值模型表建立。〈四〉建立設計的操作手法。〈五〉設計策略的提出。〈六〉使用者的環境不便分析。〈七〉發展設計原則。
本研究得知的高齡友善養護中心的認知價值模型，可以應用於使用者的操作、感知及價值面向來思考設計的手法與策略，達到解決使用者需求，並讓高齡友善養護中心的空間對於使用者來說更具安全性。經由本研究可以得到以下成果：
A. 認知價值模型建立
B. 設計策略的提出
C. 設計原則建立
Abstract
This paper aims to build a series of design principles applicable to space for elderly users of wheelchair, which takes evacuation as the core, so as to improve the space of aging-friendly care centers, to explore the value of universality, safety and receptivity of the space and to introduce the design operation technique by referring to the perceived value. The space designs of most of aging-friendly care centers take Barrier Free Environment as one of the prior considerations; however, the barrier free environment possesses quite a wide range of users and is defined differently by different care centers. Therefore, if taken the barrier free environment as the master plan, lots of conflicts and errors will be generated in the actual operations; moreover, the users will also have a bad receptivity. The author thus hopes that the research results can efficiently promote the users’ escape capability, specific to the space designs for aging-friendly care centers in Taiwan.
The issue discussed in this research is how to develop the design principles for the emergency evacuation of elderly users of wheelchair in aging-friendly care centers as the core. The research starts from three topics, namely, universality—space universality, safety—emergency evacuation and receptivity—barrier free environment. Three operating methods based on the perceived-value model are adopted, i.e. operation—operation and application of space, perception—offering the users receptivity and value—values and importance embodied, to operate and analyze the research.
In accordance with the two stages: research and design, there are six research methods. Two research methods are used for the first stage, respectively i.e. literature review and in-depth interview, and four design methods are for the second stage, including construction of value model, principle designs, operation design and evaluation. This paper follows seven steps: the first is to build up the question types design and in-depth interview; the second is to analyze and judge the interview files; the third is to construct the table of perceived-value model; the forth is to establish the operation methods of design; the fifth is to propose the design strategies; the sixth is to analyze the inconvenience of environment and the seventh is to develop the design principles.
The perceived-value model for aging-friendly care centers obtained in this paper can be applied in the aspects of users’ operation, perception and value, to consider the design technique and strategy, so as to satisfy the users’ demands and to make the space in aging-friendly care center safer for the users. The findings in this research have been obtained as follows:
A. Construction of perceive-value model
B. Proposing of design strategy
C. Establishment of design principles |
