日本近畿地區生物科技產業群聚之研究 : 以「神戶醫療產業都市」為例

淡江大學機構典藏 > 國際事務學院 > 亞洲研究所 > 學位論文 > Item 987654321/86852

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题名:	日本近畿地區生物科技產業群聚之研究 : 以「神戶醫療產業都市」為例
其它题名:	Biotechnology industrial cluster of Kinki, Japan : a case study of KOBE biomedical innovation cluster
作者:	柯儀澧;Ko, I-Li
贡献者:	淡江大學亞洲研究所碩士在職專班任耀庭
关键词:	產業群聚;創新;產官學連攜;技術移轉;神戶醫療產業都市;Innovation cluster;innovation;Industry-University collaboration;TLO;KOBE Biomedical innovation Cluster;産学官連携;技術移転機関;神戸医療産業都市;イノベーションクラステー;ポートアイランド
日期:	2013
上传时间:	2013-04-13 10:22:21 (UTC+8)
摘要:	當全球經濟處於低迷時期，如何重建競爭力，使經濟走出低谷，成為熱門的話題。90年以後,世界第二大經濟體的日本陷入了長達10餘年的經濟停滯，回顧日本經濟自85年廣場協議後，在日元快速升值的背景下，日本製造業的生產基地快速地轉移到海外，”產業空洞化”問題浮上檯面，產業政策遂成了日本政府經濟調控的重要決策之一。日本在進入21世紀後以「科學技術創造立國」，構築了科學技術振興政策體系，另一方面也為打破90年代以後的長期停滯，由經濟產業省推動「產業クラスター計画」藉由此計劃之推動，促使産官學連携，活絡當地資源的運用，進而提升當地中小企業之競爭力，最終達到國家競爭力之提升。近畿地區在與東京並列重要的經濟圈，大阪、京都及神戶三個城市各自擁有其特色，但是近畿地區在歷經阪神淡路大地震後面臨活化近畿生技產業的議題。神戶市在1998年開始在《 Port Island 》神戸市中央區港島設置整備先端醫療技術研究開發據點，作為21世紀醫療關聯產業群聚構想的「神戸醫療産業都市構想」推進，目前神戶醫療產業都市也位居國家戰略的位置。本文先以將以文獻分析目前日本生物科技產業的狀況，輔以產業群聚理論及鑽石模型等理論為背後主架構，研究日本近畿地區生科產業形成群聚的背景與原因。Porter提出國家鑽石體系理論後，認為政府在整個體系中對於其他四項因素的影響相當微妙，理想的政府應成為媒介與挑戰者，並扮演支持國家競爭力角色，鼓勵產業創新以刺激國內市場競爭力。因此本論文主軸將放在群聚產官學三方面政府政策及日本政府如何推動產學合作的狀況，另外一項重點即探討產學間的媒介單位TLO機關。本文期望以日本政府目前的產學合作政策作為將來台灣政府之一個思考方向。 It becomes a hot topic of how a country rebuilds the competitiveness in order to get rid of the downturn of economy. The world''s second largest economy, Japan, has sunk into decade of economic stagnation from 1990. Since the 1985 Plaza Accord, as the rapid appreciation of the Yen, Japan''s manufacturing production bases have transferred to overseas swiftly, "Industrial Hollowing-Out" problem has gradually surfaced, and industrial policy then became one of the important decisions of the economic regulation of Japanese government. In the 21st century, Japan builds a scientific technical revitalization policy system; on the other hand , it also breaks the long-term stagnation after 1990s. The Ministry of Economy of Japan Trade and Industry has been promoting the "industrial cluster plan" and by which to encourage the cooperation with the industries, government and academic, to use local resources actively, and thus to enhance the competitiveness of local industry . It ultimately achieves enhancing of the national competitiveness. This paper is to be literature analysis of the current situation of the Japanese biotechnology industry, supplemented by industry cluster theory and Diamond model theory as the foundation of main structure of this paper, to discuss the background and grounds of the formation of clusters in biotechnical industry in Kinki area of Japan. On the basis of Michael Porter''s National Diamond framework has been submitted, it has been considered that the government’s influence is an important factor among the other four factors in the whole system. A government should be a media and a challenger, and plays a support role on national competitiveness in order to encourage industrial innovation and to stimulate the domestic market competitiveness. Therefore, this paper focuses on the government policy of cooperation of industry, government and academic, and how the Japanese government to promote the cooperation of industry and academic. Another focus will investigate the TLO, a intermediate institute among the industry and academic. The expectation of this paper is to provide Taiwan government with the cooperated policy of industry-academic of Japan government, as a direction in the future.
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