然而，儘管打著「永續發展」這項口號，卻對當地原住民部落及雨林造成嚴重濫墾濫伐，另外也造成國內農業趨向單一作物進而對土壤嚴重破壞。本論文以研究巴西再生能源發展為主軸，以社會、經濟、環境等三項要素來檢視巴西是否已達成真正的「永續發展」。 After 1992 the global summit in Brazil, “sustainable development” was widely reported by the media and became a term can be seen each corner of the world, and it is also turning into a wide-spreading phrase and a goal to pursue in our lives. But how to reach it till now we can’t find a best way to get it, however, we can see now that United Nations (UN) spares no efforts to speed up to reach this dream and there are more and more Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) trying to step in “sustainable development” by more active action.
Brazil has vast amount of land area and also natural resources. In 1975 break out oil crisis, its oil domestic market had been affected gravely, thus, the government figured out a series of politics to develop ethanol. After more than 30 years, Brazil now reached the standard of carbon emission of Kyoto Protocol and bring structural change of its domestic agriculture, and nowadays Brazil has become a country that every country try to learn from its experience. Besides, Brazil has abundant water resources and its total hydroelectricity take third place in the world. In order to provide more electricity, the government of Brazil approved the scheme of the dam Belo Monte, and this scheme is aim to establish a dam in Xingu river to provide sufficient energy to southern habitants and plants.
Nevertheless, with “sustainable development” this slogan, the renewable energy in Brazil still harmed the indigenous tribes and the deforestation of Amazon. Aside from it, monoculture could also make serious result to its land. This investigation tries to use three elements: social, economic, environmental to examine if Brazil has reached truly “sustainable development”.
