本研究主要目的在評估2009年美國職業棒球大聯盟30支球隊經營的績效。研究方法採用資料包絡分析法，以2009年30支球隊為受評估單位，設定球隊付予球員的總薪資為一項投入衡量指標與球隊排名積分、平均每場觀眾人數及勝率為三項產出衡量指標，透過BCC模式及CCR模式分別計算出30支球隊的總效率、技術效率、規模效率的效率值，並透過差額變數分析作為改善球隊績效之參考依據。結果顯示在美國職業棒球大聯盟30支球隊中共有4隊具有總效率，分別為紐約洋基隊、洛杉磯道奇隊、佛羅里達馬林魚隊及匹茲堡海盜隊；具技術效率共有11隊；具規模效率者共有6隊。在敏感度分析結果顯示，影響球隊績效表現的重要指標為「勝率」及「觀眾人數」。結論：薪資會影響球隊的排名積分、觀眾人數及勝率，因此薪資可以作為衡量球隊績效的控制變項，此亦為美國職業棒球隊最常用來提升觀眾人數及球隊戰績的方法。
This study explores the operating performance of 30 Major League Baseball (MLB) teams in 2009. Research methods include data envelopment analysis, which uses the total team salary paid to players as an input, three output measures (team record, ranking points, and average attendance per game), and the BCC and CCR models to calculate the overall efficiency, technical efficiency, scale efficiency, efficiency value, and the slack analysis to merit team performance for the 30 teams. Results showed that four teams reached overall efficiency, 11 teams reached technical efficiency, and six teams achieved scale efficiency. Additionally, winning percentage and audience attendance were significant indicators of efficiencies based on sensitive analysis. Salary was significantly correlated with team record, and was the most common strategy used to improve MLB team records.
