淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/77451
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    Title: 製備PVDF多孔性高分子疏水膜其物性與結構分析及應用在薄膜蒸餾上
    Other Titles: Preparation and characterization of porous poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes and their application in membrane distillation process
    Authors: 鄭立婷;Cheng, Li-Ting
    Contributors: 淡江大學化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
    賴偉淇;Lai, Wei-Chi
    Keywords: 聚偏二氟乙烯;奈米纖維;二甲基二苯亞山梨醇;薄膜蒸餾;poly(vinylidene fluoride);nanofibrils;DMDBS;Membrane distillation
    Date: 2012
    Issue Date: 2012-06-21 06:45:08 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究分為二部分,首先利用蒸氣誘導相轉換法(VIPS)並改變曝露時間及溶解溫度製備聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)薄膜,探討薄膜形成的結構、孔隙度、熱性質、結晶型態以及滲透性質;接著將二甲基二苯亞山梨醇(DMDBS)添加入PVDF中,同樣利用VIPS並以條件曝露時間為10min製備薄膜以及將含有DMDBS的薄膜浸泡乙醇七天以去除DMDBS的PVDF薄膜,一同探討薄膜結構、孔隙度、熱性質、結晶型態、滲透性質以及機械性質並應用於薄膜蒸餾。
    利用VIPS製備薄膜,可觀察到隨著曝露時間增長,其薄膜結構由手指狀結構漸轉變為胞孔與顆粒共存結構,上下孔洞互相聯通;孔隙度與結晶度皆增加;其結晶型態從α+γ結晶型態轉變為γ結晶型態;滲透性隨之愈佳。在固定曝露時間為10min之下製備薄膜,隨著溶解溫度愈低,其薄膜結構由胞孔與顆粒共存結構轉變為顆粒結構;結晶度增加;其孔隙度與結晶型態並不大受溶解溫度影響;滲透性亦隨之愈佳。
    添加入DMDBS的PVDF薄膜,由實驗觀察發現隨著DMDBS含量增加,薄膜上下表面的DMDBS自組裝奈米帶(nanoribbons)覆蓋愈多,整體結構依然為胞孔與顆粒共存結構;孔隙度小幅度增加;結晶度降低;PVDF的γ結晶型態隨著之而減弱並產生DMDBS分子間氫鍵之特徵吸收峰,但不會影響PVDF薄膜的結晶型態;其滲透性反而愈不佳。當浸泡乙醇七天後的薄膜與浸泡前薄膜相比較之下,其整體結構並不影響,上下表面的DMDBS纖維幾乎已被去除;孔隙度與結晶度些微增加;而DMDBS分子間的氫鍵特徵吸收峰消失,亦不影響PVDF的γ結晶型態;其滲透性較未去除DMDBS纖維前佳。對於機械性質而言,隨著DMDBS含量增加而提昇其應力、應變以及彈性模數,使得應用於薄膜蒸餾時能以冷熱水流速為0.75L/min下,獲得滲透通量為4.81 L/m2h。
    We study the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes of structure, porositys, thermal properties, crystal types, permeabilitys by different exposure time and different dissolution temperature. Then we study the polymer of structure, porositys, thermal properties, crystal types, permeabilitys, mechanical properties and their application in membrane distillation process by add 1,3:2,4-di(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol (DMDBS) to different concentration and immerse ethanol.
    By SEM anysis, we found the like-finger structure, cellular structure and pariculate structure. When the exposure time rises, it turns into the pariculate structure. When the DMDBS concentration rises, it forms more the self-assembly nanoribbons of DMDBS on the top sureface and bottom sureface. By porosity anysis, we found the porositys incearse when the exposure time and the DMDBS concentration rise. When the exposure time rises and dissolution temperature reduces, the crystallinity of PVDF increases. When the DMDBS concentration rises, the crystallinity of PVDF doesn’t affect. By XRD and FTIR-ATR anysis, we can find that the when the exposure time rises, the α-type and γ-type of PVDF turns into the γ-type only. When the exposure time rises and dissolution temperature reduces, the permeabilitys increase. When the DMDBS concentration rises, the permeability decreases. By mechanical properties anysis, we found the elastic modulus increases with the increase of DMDBS concentration.And the experimental results in membrane distillation process show that the flux of 8wt%DMDBS/PVDF increases with the increase of feed volume flow rate.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute & Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering] Thesis

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