起源、歷史、重覆---班雅明與德勒茲論「翻譯」的概念(II-I)

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题名:	起源、歷史、重覆---班雅明與德勒茲論「翻譯」的概念(II-I)
其它题名:	Origin, History, Repetition--- Benjamin and Deleuze on the Conceopt of Translation
作者:	陳佩筠
贡献者:	淡江大學英文學系
日期:	2010
上传时间:	2012-05-03 20:25:45 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本計畫意欲尋找一個翻譯研究的新契機—並非從哲學著作中謀求理論，以解釋實際發生的翻譯問題，而是對於「翻譯」這個概念作哲學思考。這個視角首先要求我們去觀看哲學家如何思考翻譯這個概念，然而翻譯長久以來都被視作原文的再現，而古典哲學關注原則性以及形上學問題，被視作再現的翻譯不會引起關注。「差異哲學」的提出與發展使得形上學受到嚴苛的挑戰，亦即，一與多之間不再只是一種上下關係(hierarchy)，差異的概念迫使我們重新思考一與多的關係，這便是我們得以對翻譯概念作哲學思考的切入點。僅只是強調譯文的差異性與獨特性不足以讓翻譯這個概念得到更謹慎的思考，因為任何譯文都不能逃避它與原文之間的聯繫。問題是，我們應如何理解這個關係？在哲學探討中，究竟該如何理解「一」仍是一個複雜的難題。無論是將「一」視作絕對的根源(或終極的目的)，或者否定「一」的存在，這些似乎都令人不盡滿意。前者落入上下關係的窼臼，後者則無法解釋衆「多」之間又如何彼此連繫的問題。本計畫選擇班雅明與德勒茲論述中與翻譯概念十分相關的三個主題：起源、歷史、重覆。無論是不可譯的譯文、失敗的譯文、誤譯的譯文、再創造的譯文等等，如果眾多譯文之間仍存在一種一貫性，如果它們都向著同一個方向表現某個內容(即使這個內容並非固定不動的)，我們就必須面對起源的問題，又如果每一次的翻譯都是某個文本的重覆，譯文也必須面臨它自身與起源的關係，而每一個譯文之間又存在歷史關係。藉由班雅明《德國哀悼劇的起源》以及德勒茲關於差異與重覆的論述，本計劃希冀針對「翻譯」這個概念作深入的探索與思考。 This project attempts to seek a new perspective for translation studies. This perspective does not simply derive from philosophy, namely, employing philosophical discourses to explain empirical translation issues; but rather, it requires us to think the concept of translation philosophically. It is then necessary to examine how philosophers think the concept of translation. Nevertheless, translation has long been regarded as representation of the original, which means, as representation, translation is an insignificant issue since classical philosophy concerns only metaphysical principles or ultimate truth. There is, however, a turning point: philosophy of difference. It challenges metaphysics, or, to put it another way, in terms of difference, the relationship between the One and the multiple is not necessarily hierarchical. Difference forces us to reconsider the relationship between the One and the multiple and this is where the concept of translation can be thought philosophically. In many philosophical discussions, how to understand the One remains problematic. It seems unsatisfactory whether the One is understood as the ultimate origin or the One is negated or diminished by the multiple. The former retains the hierarchical structure of traditional metaphysics; the later fails to explain how the multiple connect each other. This project concerns three main themes: origin, history, and repetition, and will put its focus on works of Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze in order to reconsider the relationship between the One and the multiple in light of translation. If there remains something consistent in each translation, be it untranslatable or unfaithful, and if each translation can be said a repetition of a certain text, translation must confront its origin and each translated text must be related to each other historically. Taking Benjamin’s notions of origin and history in The Origin of German Tragic Drama and Deleuze’s discourses on difference and repetition as its point of departure, this project intends to explore the concept of translation as such.
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