淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/76133
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    题名: 現代日語可能表現及可能性表現之研究
    其它题名: A Study of Potential and Possible Sentences in Modern Japanese
    作者: 林青樺
    贡献者: 淡江大學日本語文學系
    关键词: 可能;可能性;事象;「スルコトガアル」;行為主體;經驗;potential;possibility;event;“surukoto ga aru”;agent;experience
    日期: 2011-08
    上传时间: 2012-05-02 10:00:49 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 關於現代日語語法中的可能句型,若以事象成立之理由為分類基準的話,可分為「能力可能句型」和「狀況可能句型」。而日語中的可能句型除了典型的「V+(ら)れる」「V+ことができる」之外,用來表示〈可能(包含〈許可〉〈容許〉)〉及〈不可能(包含〈不能〉〈不可〉〈禁止〉)〉的還有「-わけにはいかない」「-て(も)いい」「-てなくて(も)いい」「-てはいけない/ならない」「-かねる/かねない」「-うる/える」「-ようがない」等非典型的可能句型。 本研究將可能句型的研究範為跳脫出〈可能〉及〈不可能〉,探討對象擴展至表示〈可能性〉的句型,原因是在於動作主體或現象的發生之所以〈可能〉,乃是由於其背後所潛藏的〈可能性〉,因此可能表現與可能性表現有著密不可分的關係。本研究以「(し)そうだ(中文:可能…,快要…)」「-(し)得る(中文:能,可能…)」「動詞連体形+ことがある(中文:有時…,有可能…)」等等的可能性表現為探討對象,依句型種類(肯定句或否定句)及動作主體的人稱、動詞之意志性及界限性(telicity)等觀點來作分類,然後根據實際例句和以日語母語者為對象之田野調査的結果,分析各類型的用法和句意;最後,再透過和可能表現之對照比較,定義出可能表現及可能性表現所表達之〈可能〉及〈可能性〉的真意,以及可能表現和可能性表現之間的相互關係。
    The previous published research on potential sentences in modern Japanese were classified into two types: ability potential sentences and situation potential sentences. In modern Japanese, there are not only “V-(ra)reru” “V-kotogadekiru” considered as typical potential sentences, but also other sentences mean „can(including „able‟‟possible‟and „permit‟etc.)‟ and „cannot(including „unable‟ ‟prohibit‟and „impossible‟etc.)‟, such as “-wakeniwaikenai” “-te(mo)ii” “-tenakute(mo)ii” “-tewaikenai/naranai” “-kaneru/-kanenai” “-uru/-eru” “-youganai”. However, the previous published research demonstrated potential sentences without providing more detail analysis on the relationship and difference between typical potential sentences and untypical ones; how it relates to the meanings of „can‟ and „cannot‟. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to define the meaning of possible sentences “-(shi)soda” “-(shi)uru/eru” “V + koto ga aru” that all mean „possible‟ or „impossible‟ in modern Japanese. First, classify those sentences based on different sentence structure and characteristic of events. Then, analyze the meaning of “-(shi)soda” “-(shi)uru/eru” “V + koto ga aru” with sentences gathered from novels and database, and from data collected through fieldwork with Japanese native speakers. Finally, define the meaning of those possible sentences as “-(shi)soda” “-(shi)uru/eru” “V + koto ga aru” by comparing with potential sentences to clearly define the difference.
    显示于类别:[日本語文學系暨研究所 ] 研究報告

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