選舉與民主：臺灣調查經驗的啟示-政治極化的測量與應用

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Title:	選舉與民主：臺灣調查經驗的啟示-政治極化的測量與應用
Other Titles:	Measurements and Implications of Political Polarization
Authors:	蕭怡靖;林聰吉
Contributors:	淡江大學公共行政學系
Date:	2011-11
Issue Date:	2012-05-02 09:27:01 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	在兩岸統獨爭議始終未決、政治菁英的議題操弄與選舉動員頻繁，再加上部分傳播媒體政治偏差報導的推波助瀾下，台灣「藍綠」政黨之間的衝突與對立似乎未曾減緩，藍綠分歧甚至有加深的趨勢。但Dalton(2008)曾提出以「左右意識型態」(left/right ideology)作為「政黨極化」(party polarization)的測量指標，並進行跨國比較研究，結果發現台灣的政黨極化程度竟是相對穩定且趨中，甚至是多數民主國家中極化程度最低的國家。這結果實在難以符合台灣實際的政治運作，也顯見台灣在「政治極化」(political polarization)的研究領域上，仍有待進一步的釐清與討論。對此，本研究計畫即以政治極化為主軸，運用國科會長期補助執行之TEDS等調查研究資料庫，針對台灣實際的政治運作，提出以下研究問題進行資料分析與檢證，以達「加值應用」的目的。首先，從學理上針對政治極化的概念意涵，藉由文獻整理與評析，進行概念的釐清與討論；其次，依據政治極化的學理，選擇與台灣實際政治運作相符的測量變數並具體操作化，以建構出適當且具信度與效度的極化指標；再者，探尋台灣政治極化背後可能的形塑因素，以及政治極化對民眾政治態度與行為所可能產生的影響力；最後，針對上述的研究內容，探索台灣政治極化的長期趨勢，並提出未來可能的走向及因應之道。 In Taiwan, the political conflict between the Pan-Blue coalition and the Pan-Green coalition becomes more serious because of the unsolved Unification-Independence issue, the political elites’ manipulation of this issue during the campaign, and the biased news media and political talk shows. However, according to Dalton’s polarization index of party’s position on the left-right ideology spectrum, party polarization in Taiwan is modest, and even is the weakest as compared to the democracies. Obviously, this result is questionable in the case of Taiwan, so it is necessary to correctly explore the political polarization in Taiwan. Therefore, this project is designed to use survey database of TEDS to analysis the political polarization in Taiwan in order to reach these specific goals: firstly, to clarify the concept of political polarization by critically reviewing the literature and theories; secondly, to choose the variables in the database t to construct a valid and reliable index of political polarization; thirdly, to explore the cause and effect of growing political polarization; finally, to provide the possible solutions for political polarization in Taiwan according to the findings of this project.
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