專案策略與專案績效之關聯性研究 : 以環境因素為干擾變數

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Title:	專案策略與專案績效之關聯性研究 : 以環境因素為干擾變數
Other Titles:	Associations between project strategy and project performance : moderating role of environmental factors
Authors:	鄭承昊;Cheng, Cheng-Hao
Contributors:	淡江大學企業管理學系碩士班楊立人
Keywords:	專案管理;專案策略;專案績效;環境因素;Project Management;Project Strategy;project performance;Environmental Factor
Date:	2011
Issue Date:	2011-12-28 18:19:23 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	由於外在環境的快速變化，隨之而來的商業模式也不斷地加以更新，因此專案組織也孕育而生，觀看全球近十年發現專案管理已變成全世界組織競爭的利器，無論是企業或是政府都已提倡專案管理為第一要務。然而過去不斷強調企業策略或是組織策略都會強烈的影響到企業獲利或組織績效，然而隨著專案組織的興起卻未曾探討過專案策略對於專案績效之影響，甚至直到2007年Artto et al.才將專案策略有明確的定義。本研究專案策略共有五大方向包含：成本策略、差異化策略、人力資源管理策略、執行策略和品質策略。採用便利抽樣和滾雪球抽樣之方式，問卷收及期間為2010年10月至2011年3月，共計發放問卷答200份而總計共回收155份；有效樣本共144份；無效樣本為11份。接著利用統計軟體SPSS和AMOS來進行關聯性之研究。本研究結果發現五大策略單獨對於專案績效有顯著的影響，然而專案團隊在執行專案時並非只使用一項策略，因此利用線性迴歸發現當五種策略同時實施時只有差異化策略、人力資源管理策略和品質策略對於專案績效有顯著的影響。另外本研究亦利用ANOVA分析來探討環境因素對於專案策略和專案績效是否有干擾效果，結果發現工作條件在五項策略和專案績效之間有顯著的干擾效果而專案特性僅對於部份策略有顯著的干擾效果。 Due to the rapid changes in external environment, business model has been updated constantly, leading to the age of project-oriented teams. In the past decade, project management has become a competitive tool worldwide, enterprises and governments alike have been advocating for the cause. Extant researches placed much of their emphasis on the claim that business strategies or organizational strategies are strong factors influencing corporate profits or organizational performance. No researches, however, explored project strategy and its impacts on project performance. It is not until Artto et al. (2008) that a clear definition of project strategy was defined. In this study, project strategy has five directions: cost strategy, differentiation strategy, human resources management strategy, implementation strategy and quality strategy. Using convenience and snowball sampling methods, questionnaires were distributed and received from the period of October 2010 to March 2011. 200 questionnaires have been sent and 155 were collected; total valid sample is 144, with 11 invalid samples. SPSS and AMOS statistical software were used to research association between project strategy and project performance. This study found five strategies that had significant impacts on project performance. In practice, however, project teams will not only use a strategy, but use two or more strategy on a project. Therefore, the researcher utilized linear regression to determine which strategy is most influential on project performance. It was found that differentiation strategy, human resources management strategy and quality strategy have significant impacts on project performance. In addition, this study also used ANOVA analysis to examine the moderation of environmental factors on project strategies and project performance. The results showed that working conditions has a moderating effect on project strategies and project performance. Project characteristics only have few moderating effects.
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