跨產業不確定環境因素之探索與驗證研究

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Title:	跨產業不確定環境因素之探索與驗證研究
Other Titles:	Exploratory and confirmatory study of the environmental uncertainty factors on cross industries
Authors:	胡大謙;Hu, Da-Chian
Contributors:	淡江大學管理科學研究所博士班廖述賢;Liao, Shu-Hsien
Keywords:	不確定環境;資訊不確定理論;資源相依理論;策略管理;量表發展;Environmental umcertainty;Information uncertainty theory;Resource dependency theory;Strategic Management;Scale development
Date:	2011
Issue Date:	2011-12-28 18:16:42 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	過去40年來，環境相關的議題一直是學者所關注的焦點。然而，不確定環境在文獻中，不論在概念、操作型定義、測量指標與方法至目前為止仍無一致性的共識。因此，本研究的目的為，以資訊不確定理論與資源相依理論作為基礎，發展不確定環境量表。在題項產生階段，本研究透過文獻回顧與專家訪談建立題項庫，共有105題。預試階段，首先進行專家效度，共刪除38題，而後針對服務於科技產業與製造業的EMBA學生進行取樣，共收集150份有效樣本，進行項目分析，共刪除6題。在正式施測階段，針對科技業與製造業進行取樣，共獲得350份有效問卷。經由探索性因素分析，共萃取出六個因素，分別命名為技術不確定、市場預測、競爭者威脅、競爭態勢、顧客不確定與供應鏈不確定，共19題。而驗證性因素分析結果顯示，由探索性因素分析所萃取出的六個構面皆達到良好的適配，並進一步驗證收斂效度與區別效度。研究結果顯示，本研究結合資訊不確定理論與資源相依理論，其中資訊不確定理論包含市場創新、市場預測與顧客不確定；而資源相依理論則包含競爭者威脅、競爭者態勢與供應鏈不確定。此外，本研究驗證不確定環境為一多向度量表並具有良好的信效度；最後，不同的產業別在不確定環境量表並無差異。 During the past four decades, the environmental issues have been attracting scholars’ attentions. However, environmental uncertainty continues to generate disagreement in the literature such as conceptualization, operational definition, indicators and measurement method. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to combine information uncertainty theory and resource dependence theory to develop environmental uncertainty scale. In item generation, we construct our item pool by literature and expert interview including 105 items. In the pre-test, we tested content validity and deleted 38 items. We collected data from EMBA students who work in electronic and manufacture industries. A total of 150 valid sample were collected and performed item analysis. In items analysis, we deleted 6 items. The scale was then administered to a larger sample (N=350) which was selected from electronic and manufacture industries. Exploratory factor analysis showed that six factors was extracted and named technology uncertainty, market prediction, competitive threaten, competitive situation, customer uncertainty and supply chain uncertainty including 19 items. Results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that all dimensions of the scale fitted the data well and demonstrated converge validity and discriminate validity. In conclusion, we combined two theories in environmental uncertainty scale. Information uncertainty theory includies technology uncertainty, market prediction and customer uncertainty while resource dependency theory contain competitive threaten, competitive situation and supply chain uncertainty. Moreover, we confirmed that environmental uncertainty is a multidimensional scale and verified that it had good reliability and validity. Finally, we found that there were no difference between high-tech and manufacture industries.
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