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| 題名: | 歐洲整合脈絡下資通訊(ICT)發展之研究 |
| 其他題名: | A study on information communication technology development in the context of European integration |
| 作者: | 陳碧芬;Chen, Cristina, Pi-fen |
| 貢獻者: | 淡江大學歐洲研究所博士班
溫肇東;許智偉;Wen, Chao-Tung;Hsu, Chih-wei |
| 關鍵詞: | 歐盟;歐洲整合;全球化;里斯本策略;多層級治理;資通訊(ICT)發展;資訊社會;制度變遷;偏好與衝突;EU;European integration;Globalization;Lisbon Strategy;mutil-level governance;information society;ICT development;information communication technology;FP;institutional change;preferences and conflicts |
| 日期: | 2011 |
| 上傳時間: | 2011-12-28 17:15:48 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 本論文在於探究，邁向多層級、動態治理的歐洲聯盟援引全球化、技術變動快速、且產業已臻成熟的資通訊（Information Communication Technology, ICT）發展，作為推動區域整合的政策工具，尤其是2000年以降的里斯本策略攘括眾多資通訊相關計畫，廣納多元行動者參與以追求歐洲社會穩定與經濟繁榮卻因此面臨的制度變遷。
本研究假設，歐洲聯盟推算倡議資通訊發展的政治成本低於把它排除在歐洲整合的平台之外，而援引資通訊發展而獲得的競爭力強化、就業和穩定等預期收益，又高於保持施行原有制度，於是從自主的治理體系採納了來自全球的資通訊議題，時與漸進，資通訊ICT特有的規範也將漸漸地影響到歐盟治理體系的變遷，為制度改革作出功用。據此，本研究聚焦在3個研究問題：1.歐盟如何在全球資訊（IT）發展弱勢地位下，以歐洲整合為名、以治理為鑰，倡議適合歐洲環境的資通訊發展？2.歐洲在1984 – 1998年期間同時推動電信業民營化和電信自由化，搭配單一內部市場的特殊架構，落實了制度化管理，適用在加入網路、數位化新世代技術之發展路徑上嗎？3.解析資通訊發展歐洲化的因果關係，如何判定多層級各別行動者的偏好與彼此間的衝突，並明瞭其對促成制度變遷之意義？
對於各層級行動者的研究，本研究提出歐盟層級、成員國層級、市場之廠商，與中介機構之四個行動者類別，以背景資料分析和田野訪談11個案例作為主要觀察對象。
本論文的主要研究發現，歐盟面對全球化之資通訊發展，是從內在制度倡議共識理念，並特別彰顯資通訊的社會普及，相關政策之形成係透過多層級間共同分享的公共治理空間，以形塑適合歐洲整理脈絡的知識型社會；即使部份成員國的西歐工業國家對ICT發展持「去製造化」的思維，也不妨礙東歐新興經濟體的「外人直接投資趨策」之科技製造業發展，與相互構組全球ICT產業鏈的美－亞模式呈現發展路徑不依賴的現象；歐洲電信發展軌跡面臨數位匯流之資訊科技出現了複製發展路徑的困境，多層級行動者的各自偏好雖然明顯、彼此間亦因此發生重重衝突，但在歐洲整合之理念下，妥當之治理仍然被各行動者所期待，對於朝向調和之制度的變遷歷程，具有其關鍵意義。
This dissertation is aimed to focus on institutional change in the development of European Union (EU) and global Information Communication Technology (ICT) to study the challenge of dynamic multi-governance and its developing policy-forming in the context of European integration. Particularly, EU Lisbon Summit announced Lisbon Agenda at 2000 and continues to launch Lisbon strategies such works programme for the ICT theme of the FP6, FP7 as cross Member States projects. ICT takes core position for EU improving competitiveness, employment and stability.
Since 1980, ICT has been transforming speedily by US-Asia market-contracted cooperation, enhancing by digital technology convergence into 2000 meantime international organizations deal into common standards in the world as driving power of globalization. EU, however merely few industrial MSs developed national telecommunication sector due to quasi-protectionism accompanied with privatization. EU MSs account for an ever smaller percentage of ICT productions in manufacture and unknown ICT branding in world market. EU has stayed it on insufficiency and tardiness due to certain political themes and European Integration needs in different periods. EU faces new breakthroughs in ICT have been continuing over the nowadays and next decades to bring ever-more wide ranging applications
This study hypothesis, while citing the development of access to ICT to expected benefits, EU projects on its own systematic governance also global ICT-specific norms would gradually affect its institutional changes in the context of European Integration. Accordingly, the dissertation proposes three research questions: first, how European ICT development has been initiated by dynamic governance and policy forming in the name of European integration and under a weak position of PC-based IT? Second, main ICT component as telecommunication had systematized with European Single Market by approach of privatization and liberalization in 1984 – 1998. Is it applicable in the path of digital convergence? Third, analysing the causal relationship of individual actors on ICT development in the context of Europe integration, how determine their preferences and conflicts, and understand its meaning contributed to institutional change?
This dissertation analyzes EU ICT policies and illustrates in 11 cases study of multi-level actors as EU commission, MSs, enterprises and intermediates. Main findings are EU innovate ICT development in a consensus between shaping of public space and context of knowledge-based society; it does not depend on global ICT industry chain of structuring of the US - Asian model; the path of European telecoms development has replicated difficultly in digital convergence; the multi-level actors present own visible preferences, among numerous conflicts have occurred as a result. For the proper governance based on the concept of integration in Europe, the various actors are still looking for the institutional changes towards reconciliation process, with its crucial significance. |
| 顯示於類別: | [歐洲研究所] 學位論文
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