淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/73812
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    题名: 曼谷擴張型都會區的發展及其首要性
    其它题名: The development of extended Bangkok metropolitan region and its changing primacy in Thailand
    作者: 鄒以文;Tsou, Yi-Wen
    贡献者: 淡江大學東南亞研究所碩士班
    蔡青龍
    关键词: 曼谷擴張型都會區;首要性;政策;人口成長;產業發展;Extended Bangkok Metropolitan Region;Primacy;Policies;population growth;industrial development
    日期: 2011
    上传时间: 2011-12-28 17:10:56 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 泰國首都曼谷及其周邊的數個府(Changwat)在過去三十年歷經快速發展，形成一個總人口達1,600多萬的曼谷擴張型都會區(Extended Bangkok Metropolitan Region, EBMR)，不僅在泰國的都市體系中具有顯著的首要性，也是整個國家進步的動力來源，其發展特徵與背景因素甚具學術研究與實務應用價值。本研究分別從(1) 人口變遷觀察都會區之形成；(2) 政府的投資政策及基礎設施提供；以及(3) 產業發展等三個面向，探討對曼谷擴張型都會區的發展及其首要性所造成的影響。
    自1970年以來，曼谷擴張型都會區的人口成長速度都高於全國及各個區域(分別為中部、北部、東北部和南部)，而人口過度集中加快了該都會區的發展。就曼谷擴張型都會區所包含的核心區曼谷市、內環區(包括Samut Sakhon、Nakhon Pathom、Nonthaburi、Pathum Thani和Samut Prakan等五個府)和外環區(包括Ratchaburi、Ayutthaya、Saraburi、Chachoengsao、Chon Buri和Rayong等六個府)等三環地帶的人口成長而言，內、外環區的人口成長相對快速，符合過去對都會區發展經驗的研究結果，即人口的成長隨著核心區的發展飽和而趨緩，並有人口外移的現象。此外，核心區的機能和產業等也外移至內、外環區，在挾著腹地廣大、基礎建設及交通運輸完善等優勢之下，吸引許多企業在此地區投資，而所創造的就業機會成為人口聚集的主因。
    自1980年代加速工業化以來，泰國的總體經濟表現優異，然而內部的區域發展差異仍然存在，儘管政府致力於均衡區域發展，但整體都會區的經濟產值在2008年仍占泰國GDP近七成，顯然資源的分配呈現過度集中的現象。在曼谷擴張型都會區中，曼谷轉型成以服務業為主要的產業型態，內環區則是著重勞力密集型的製造業，且多屬輕工業，至於外環區則是以附加價值較高且高度汙染的重工業為主，尤其是Chon Buri和Rayong兩個府是泰國相當重要的重工業發展區位。曼谷擴張型都會區的發展猶如一個小型的經濟體，其在泰國經濟中的角色是很顯著的，然而此情形所隱含的卻是國內的區域發展更形失衡。
    Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, and its surrounding provinces have experienced rapid development in the past three decades, and have shaped an Extended Bangkok Metropolitan Region (EBMR) which includes total population of 16 million. It means EBMR is not only dominates the urban system in Thailand, but also the driving force of the country''s progress. Its developmental characteristics and background factors are provided with academic research and practical application. This thesis was written from the three perspectives, which of (1) governmental policies, (2) population growth, and (3) industrial development, on the development of EBMR and its changing primacy.
    Since 1970, the population growth rate in EBMR has become higher than four parts of the nation (they are central, north, northeast and south regions ), the excessive concentration of population in EBMR has accelerated its development. The EBMR is composed of three zones as follows: Bangkok as the core, the inner ring includes Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani and Samut Prakan, and the outer ring includes Ratchaburi, Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Chachoengsao, Chon Buri and Rayong. The population growth rate of the inner ring and outer ring are relatively rapid, as experienced in other metropolitan regions. While the population grew up and then decreased in the core, the phenomenon of emigration emerged. In addition, the functions and industries of the core may also move outside the inner ring and outer ring. Under such advantages of extend rural hinterland, and the improvement of infrastructure and transportation, many companies would invest in inner ring and outer ring, and create many employment opportunities that becomes the main cause of population concentration.
    Since the acceleration of industrialization in the 1980s, the overall economic performance of Thailand has been remarkable. However, differences in development among regions still exist. Despite the government''s commitment to balance regional development, the economic output of EBMR still accounted for nearly 70% of Thailand in 2008, apparently showing the phenomenon of resources over-concentration. Inside EBMR, Bangkok’s type of industry has transformed to service industry, the inner ring has transformed to labor-intensive manufacturing, mostly are light industries, and the outer ring is based on higher value-added and highly polluting heavy industries, especially Chon Buri and Rayong are the two important locations for heavy industries in Thailand. Actually, EBMR may be regarded as a small-scale economy, its role in the Thai economy is very significant, but this case implies that the domestic regional development would be more imbalanced.
    显示于类别:[東南亞研究所] 學位論文

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