| 摘要: | 朝鮮半島核武問題長久以來一直為美國與中國、周遭鄰近國家及全世界關心之焦點。六方會談為解決朝核問題刪減北韓核武之談判。本論文探討南、北韓於六方會談期間發展之關係。南韓政府對北韓採取不同政策，以及北韓政權對南韓政策之回應。檢視並探討了北韓於2006年及2009年兩次核試爆之成因、2010年天安艦事件與延坪島砲擊事件。
本論文首先探討了六方會談形成之時空背景及因素。包含了南韓總統金大中之陽光政策、美國總統小布希之國情咨文、日本首相小泉純一郎平壤破冰之旅、北韓金正日之核武計畫、中國國家主席胡錦濤之主動外交，以及俄國總統普丁之東亞策略。此外，本論文研究了六方會談中所有七輪會談之過程及成果，且深入分析會談中發佈之三份共同文件。
再者，藉由觀察美國與中國在六方會談之互動，本論文找出美國與中國對北韓所採用之外交及經濟措施。其外交措施包括了透過六方會談、聯合國安理會決議文，以及美中戰略與經濟對話，來解決朝核問題。經濟措施則採取了能源援助、經濟制裁、聯合國世界糧食計畫，使北韓放棄其核武計畫。
此外，本論文也探究了美國與中國在六方會談中，採用解決方法途徑之異同。在合作方面，兩國同意就外交、和平解決、去核之途徑達成共識。然而，在政策一致性、軍事壓力、經濟援助之層面，卻又有相互對抗之不同論點。總而言之，美、中兩國在六方會談中，共享之利害關係更勝相互矛盾之利益。
North Korea''s nuclear issue has long been a concern by the United States, China, neighboring countries, and the world. Six-Party Talks is the negotiation set to resolve this nuclear weapon issue. This thesis studies the relations, South Korea''s different North Korea policies and North Korea''s responses, between South and North Korea during the Six-Party Talks. This thesis also examines the factors on North Korea''s two nuclear tests in 2006 and 2009 respectively, Cheonan Ship-sinking Incident in 2010, and recent Yeonpyeong Island Shell Incident in 2010.
This thesis discover the origins of the Six-Party Talks, including Kim Dae-jung''s Sunshine Policy, Bush''s State of the Union, Koizumi''s Pyongyang visit, Kim Jong-il''s nuclear program, Hu Jitao''s active diplomacy, and Russia''s East Strategy. Besides, this thesis also studies total seven rounds of Six-Party Talks in depth and analyzes three joint documents made by all six nations.
Through observations on U.S. and China''s interactions to deal with this nuclear problem, this thesis finds out both diplomatic and economic measures adopted respectively by the U.S. and China. The United States and China have cooperation and contention during Six-Party Talks. However, shared stakes outweigh conflicting interests between the U.S. and China on the North Korea''s nuclear issue. |
