| 摘要: | 近年來油墨工業發展快速，於印刷生產過程中常會產生高色度和高COD的油墨廢水，其印刷油墨組成包含顏料、染料、連結料、輔助溶劑和添加劑。然而印刷油墨廢水處理方法很多，因應不同廢水特性有物理化學處理法、生物法等，實際水處理工程常常是多種方法結合，以便取得最佳的效果。
在本研究對此實廠印刷油墨廢水初步試驗中發現，無法單純以添加混凝劑之傳統方式去除污染物以達到放流水標準，故利用電聚法處理此研究廢水，操作參數包含調整進流水ORP值和pH值、後調出流水之pH值、改變電化學處理槽之體積、切換不同電壓或電流、甚至以二次進樣的方式處理廢水，以結合電化學法中電混凝、電膠凝、電解氧化方法之處理機制整合運用於電聚系統。此外更運用儀器分析方法，如：ICP、IC、GC-MS及SEM，藉以了解原廢水水質特性，並尋求廢水中污染物之最佳處理效果。
本實驗在適當處理條件下（1000 mL容量化學反應槽一次進樣、操作電壓100V左右、水力停留時間60秒以上、電極接法模式2），在不調整進流pH值（進流水pH值9.45）及出流pH值的狀況下，可有效將水樣中的大部分金屬離子去除95 %以上，廢水中之陰離子除了硫酸根之外去除率皆可達84%以上，另外COD去除率為95.7%、TOC去除率為92.4%。而當利用利用掃描式電子顯微鏡及能量分散光譜儀觀測其廢水經電聚法處理後之膠羽結構，與傳統混凝方法比較確實明顯不同。
Printing industries generate ink wastewater with high concentration of color and COD, which contains recalcitrant organics including pigment, dye, varnish oil, solvent, and additives. There are many ways dealing with printing wastewater, for example, physical-chemical treatment method, biological method. Actually, engineers often adopt the combination of many methods in order to acquire the best effect.
From the result of preliminary study, chemical coagulation can’t satisfy the effluent standards, so the Electro-aggregation method was selected in this research. The parameters discussed include influent ORP and pH value, adjustment of effluent pH value etc. Furthermore, instrument analysis, for example ICP, IC, GC-MS and SEM, were applied to explore the details of the difference of organics in the wastewater, in order to find out the best conditions of the treatment process.
The results showed that, optimum operating condition for electro-aggregation was used 1000 mL volume reactor , 60 sec HRT, the operation voltage is 100 V, and do not adjust the pH value of the influent and effluent. The removal efficiency of heavy metals was around 95%, COD was 95.7%, TOC was 92.4%, and anion was around 84%. When we used SEM/ EDX, we can find the difference between the flocs of Electro-aggregation and coagulation. |
