After the disintegration of the Soviet Union foreign policy of Russia suffered considerable changes of cyclical nature, which corresponded to the shifts in the ideological debate going in Russian political society. It was the polemics on the necessity of making the historical choice between the values of the Western civilization and "Russian uniqueness." It looks quite obvious that during the last fifteen years foreign policy of the country drifted between these two concepts. One can clearly identify distinct periods of pro-Western orientation succeeded by the East-oriented policy. During the years of Putin's presidency the foreign policy of the country experienced this cyclical change once again: from "balanced" foreign policy to pro-Americanism and finally to anti-American foreign policy.