此博士論文由三篇研究中國出口、對外直接投資與空間效應之經濟分析的獨立論文組成。第一篇論文為「中國出口的空間分析」，探討有關中國出口貿易空間聚集趨勢的方式，係將地理上的空間因素納入分析，並衡量每個國家對於全域空間自相關的程度，本篇文章發現中國對外貿易發展的空間異質性，表現為出口份額相對較高的亞洲地區和出口份額相對較低的歐洲地區在空間上分別趨於聚集，顯示中國大陸出口貿易全球佈局的態勢。第二篇論文為「政治風險、經濟整合及空間效果對中國出口的影響」，主要以國家政治風險、經濟整合程度和空間效應對中國出口貿易的影響，實證檢定中國出口貿易和相關變數間關係。此篇文章發現經濟整合程度愈高愈有利於中國的出口，中國對外直接投資(OutwardFDI)與出口互為替代關係，中國獨特的政治經濟環境，對於政治風險忍受性較高，反有助於其出口，除此，貿易夥伴國的人均所得愈高與經濟開放程度愈高，都顯著有利於中國出口，值得注意的是，考量空間固定效果，中國出口有聚集現象。第三篇論文為「第三國效應和經濟整合對中國的對外直接投資之影響」，本研究中主要以中國對外直接投資的相關驅動因素如市場規模、市場機會、中國出口、中國與地主國間的文化相對鄰近程度、地主國的政治風險、地主國的市場開放程度、中國與地主國間的經濟整合程度、市場潛力和空間自相關因素等條件，驗證該等因素與中國對外直接投資間關係。此篇文章發現，中國對外直接投資型態傾向複合型的FDI，且不受第三國效應影響，經濟整合程度愈高和地主國的政治風險愈高並不利於中國對外直接投資，除此，地主國市場機會對中國對外直接投資有顯著負向影響，人均所得愈高(相對市場規模)及文化鄰近程度愈高的國家，都顯著有利於中國對外直接投資，其他如地主國的國民所得(絕對市場規模)、出口、地主國開放程度等都沒有顯著影響。 The dissertation consists of three independent papers. The first paper is “A Geospatial Analysis of China’s Exports, 1991–2008”. This paper employs a range of exploratory spatial data analysis tools (e.g., Moran’s I and LISA statistics) to investigate trends in the growth of China’s exports over the period 1991–2008. A particular focus is on the detection of spatial correlations between China and 40 export destination countries in major world regions. Emphasis in the paper on the key years of 1991, 2001, 2006, and 2008 has enabled the authors to analyze the impacts on China’s trade of such major events as the country’s accession to the World Trade Organization and the global economic crisis of 2008–2009. The results of the spatial analysis reveal the continuing importance of the U.S. and Asian countries in China’s export trade (despite changes in the character of trade relations) and identify the spatial outliers (e.g., in Latin America) that may serve as the basis for new export markets for China in the future. The title of the second paper is “Influence of Political Risk, Economic Integration and Spatial Effects on China’s Exports”. We employ a spatial econometric model to examine whether China’s exports are affected by political risk, economic integration and spatial effects. The results show that a higher level of economic integration is beneficial to China’s exports. A substitutive relationship is discovered between China’s OFDI and exports, and it is found that the unique political and economic environment of China allows it to bear more political risks, which further promote its exports. In addition, the higher income per capita of partner countries and the high degree of economic openness are both beneficial to China’s exports. An agglomeration is also found within China’s exports when considering the spatial fixed effects. The third paper is “Impact of Third-country Effects and Economic Integration on China’s Outward FDI”. This paper employs a spatial econometric model to explore the impact of third-country effects and economic integration on China’s outward FDI (OFDI). The results show that the pattern of China’s OFDI tends toward a complex FDI without third-country effects. The degree of economic integration and host country''s political risk both have a negative influence on China''s OFDI. Furthermore, greater cultural proximity between China and the host country, as well as greater per capita income (market size), both have significant benefits to China''s OFDI. The host country’s market opportunity has a significant negative effect on China''s OFDI.
