近年來，對染料敏化太陽能電池之電解質的研究焦點集中在利用高分子聚合物或無機奈米粒子，以摻混的方式來改善液態電解質易揮發、外漏和封裝的缺陷，使提高長期使用上的穩定性。本研究中，分成兩種不同膠態電解質系統，一為將具有半結晶性的高分子聚氧化乙烯單獨加入液態電解質的系統中，形成膠態電解質，觀察高分子聚氧化乙烯對電解質的流變、導電度、離子擴散係數和光電轉換效率的影響；二為將高分子聚氧化乙烯與二氧化矽奈米粒子，以摻混的方式加入液態電解質的系統中，觀察二氧化矽奈米粒子對電解質的導電度、離子擴散係數和光電轉換效率的影響，並探討不同粒徑大小的二氧化矽奈米粒子所造成的影響。 研究結果發現在高分子聚氧化乙烯電解質系統中，隨著高分子的含量增加其黏度隨之增高，而導電度、離子擴散係數和光電轉換效率則是隨之降低，其原因為黏度的提高會影響電解質離子的移動性。而在高分子聚氧化乙烯電解質系統中摻混二氧化矽奈米粒子，依據導電性質、離子擴散係數和光電轉換效率分析結果可以發現，在含量為2 wt%二氧化矽奈米粒子可獲得最高之導電度、離子擴散系數和光電轉換效率，當含量增加至3 wt%以上時，導電度和離子擴散係數皆有降低的趨勢，其原因為二氧化矽奈米粒子添加過量產生聚集而沉澱，阻礙離子的移動。比較不同粒徑二氧化矽奈米粒子，結果發現皆能提高光電轉換效率，且效率差異不大，其原因為不同粒徑的二氧化矽奈米粒子在甲氧基丙腈溶劑中皆會聚集成較大顆的粒子。 In recent years, research of electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cell focuses on blending polymers or inorganic nanoparticles in to overcome the problems of volatility, leakage and packaging, and pursue higher long-term stability. In this study, polyethylene oxide (PEO) and silica (SiO2) were incorporated in liquid electrolyte to form gel electrolyte, the resulting conductivity and ion diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte and the conversion efficiency of the assembled cell were observed, and the effect of particle size of silica nanoparticles on the performance was studied. The results showed that the viscosity of PEO electrolyte system increased with increasing polymer content, while the conductivity, ion diffusion coefficient and the conversion efficiency decreased by reason of the viscosity increasing would affect the ion mobility. In the hybrid PEO and SiO2 electrolyte system, the best performance in conductivity, ion diffusion coefficient and the conversion efficiency could be obtained when 2 wt% of silica nanoparticles was added. When the silica content increased to more than 3 wt%, both the conductivity and diffusion coefficient were reduced. The reason for the reduction could be that the excessive silica nanoparticles aggregated and obstructed ion movement. Comparison of the results of silica nanoparticles with different sizes was made. Although the efficiencies were enhanced in both cases, no significant difference could be found which could be attributed to the aggregation of silica nanoparticles with different sizes in 3-methoxypropionitrile (MPN) solvent to form larger particles with similar sizes.
