南越王墓玉器特色研究

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Title:	南越王墓玉器特色研究
Other Titles:	The idiosyncrasy of jades from the tomb of the king of Nanyue
Authors:	尤家瑋;Yu, Chia-wei
Contributors:	淡江大學歷史學系碩士班黃建淳;Huang, Jiann-chen
Keywords:	玉器文化;漢代玉器;南越王墓;玉器;葬玉;生前用玉;the culture of jades;the jade of Han Dynasty;the NANYUE King's tomb;Jades;burial jades;jades for daily using
Date:	2010
Issue Date:	2010-09-23 17:03:32 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	1983年於廣州象崗發現的南越二代文王墓，係以鑿山為藏的石室墓，為迄今所知嶺南地區僅有的一座特殊墓葬。墓中出土各類文物千餘件，其中玉器數量約有兩百餘件，可謂大宗，且其品類繁多，工藝精美，並保留原始組合關係，為研究西漢玉器的珍貴資料。南越文王卒於西元前122年，處於漢代玉器典型之轉捩點，其玉件形制與用玉思想，引人入勝，為其特色之一。然而，南越國所處之特殊地理位置及其文化背景，亦為墓中玉器特色之二。墓中隨葬玉器，依功能區別有二，一為死後葬玉，二為生前用玉。藉由墓中出土葬玉的分類與比對，不僅發現南越王受斯時盛行的神仙思想所牽引，更從中體現死後昇仙的具體進程與強烈意圖。另外，生前用玉因著重裝飾功能，多較精巧華美，其所透露的時代工藝、文化特色與人文意義，則為本文研究的另一重點。比對玉件的過程中，發現其不僅具楚、越、域外文化等特色外，更逐漸形成獨有的南越特色玉器，同時藉由生前用玉結合文獻，理解南越王墓玉器也具有財富、僭越與升仙三種特殊人文意義。本文透過文獻與考古資料的彙整，發現南越國具有特殊的政治地位、經貿與民族關係，以及喪葬觀念等特點。這些特點亦反映於墓中大量隨葬玉器，呈現出與西漢中原諸侯王墓諸多截然不同的風貌，即為本文研究之旨趣所在。 In 1983, the impressive tomb of stone chambers was discovered in Guangzhou, just as the legends say, it was embedded in the heart of Xianggang Hill by means of an excavated vertical shaft. It is the only example of stone tomb chamber found in Lingnan region. More than one thousand artifacts have been unearthed, the largest category consisting of over two hundred pieces of jade cravings which cover a wide range of types and are technically accomplished. Moreover, their original groupings and placements could be reconstructed, rendering them invaluable in study of Western Han jades. The NANYUE King died in B.C.122. However, all of the jade from his tomb can be distinguished two parts. One for burial and the other one are for daily using. The popularity of the former category stemmed from the Han belief in the protective and preservative power of jade, to the extent that it could prevent the body from decaying. As for the increasing popularity of jade for daily using, this was because jade was not only a sign of wealth and status, it was also a symbol of courtly virtue and a talisman for protection. In the thesis we can discovery of political, race, culture and funeral customs from NANYUE King’s tomb, these finding originated in funeral jade. There is different between the NANYUE King’s tomb and the others in Western Han. It describes unique and special significance in this thesis.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of History] Thesis

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