近年因環境保護意識高漲，對於環境利益的保障在法規上也逐漸受到重視。我國透過美國公民訴訟制度之引進，期望建立一個救濟途徑，用以發揮客觀法秩序之維護和督促行政機關之合法執行。 因公民訴訟制度不同於一般主觀權利保障的訴訟救濟制度，所以在起訴的要件認定也應有所不同。本文就公民訴訟制度的立法意旨，對於原告資格及要件之認定皆作一探討，期不枉該制度引進之美意。 我國多將美國的公民訴訟制度借鏡規範在環境法規中，但在我國繼受德國法體系之行政訴訟法下，又增訂仿自日本的維護公益訴訟條款，此適用上將因體系、要件之不同造成斷層或落差，本文試著釐清兩者相異之處。 我國環境法中公民訴訟制度於實務上操作近十年，累積不少相關案例。本文從現行案例中，統整歸納出實務於適用該制度的疑義、盲點，輔以學理的見解及看法進行分析，並提出建議，以期該制度的立法目的發揮更大效用。 最後，環境的維護是我們生存之必要，良善居住空間更是我們的責任與期望，在人類文明進步的同時，更應意識到環境保護的重要性。在法律制度下，期望藉由公民訴訟制度使人民對環境保護熱衷參與，督促行政機關之執法，擁有一個完善的救濟管道。因而該制度適用上之解釋，應視其立法目的，多作對於環境保護有利的發展，此乃我們應繼續努力的目標，進而能充分發揮該制度促進維護環境與人民的權益平衡。 In recent years,environmental awarenss and environmental interests are have improved rapidly.In Taiwan,we have been endeavoring to put citizen suit in environmental law.We hope to establish a litigation to protects objective legal order and supervises administrative organization’s action. Citizen suit and general subjective public right suit are different.It’s suit elements are also different.This study may discuss purpose of citizen suit for standing and elements. The citizen suit in Taiwan was a analogue of Clean Water Act of the United States of America. However, for the law and litigation systems in Taiwan are far different from that in America.In our legislative system,the citizen suit and administrative litigation are different.So,this study may discuss difference between the citizen suit and administrative litigation. The practice of citizen suit was cumulates many cases in recent 10 years in Taiwan.This study may analyze and discuss these cases.Find solutions offered by scholars for practical problems.To make more effectively in the citizen suit. In conclusion,environmental protection is very important.This study present opinions about the Taiwan environmental law system and make some suggestions to the present practice and contents of relevant law of the citizen suit.
