| 摘要: | 貿易是開放經濟的重要活動，匯率則是影響貿易的重要因素，匯率變動直接影響進出口商品的價格，進而改變進出口量，並且促進產業發展。匯率的變動，對出口商的影響為PTM效果，對國外進口廠商為匯率轉嫁效果；它不僅影響出口廠商的訂價策略，也影響出口廠商的利潤以及國際間的市場競爭力。當匯率變動時，出口廠商對商品訂價，需兼顧國外市場彈性需求的大小與調整價格後對出口廠商未來的市場控制力。本文以冷凍吳郭魚出口為例，收集台灣同一時間對不同國家的出口價格，屬於PANEL DATA分析，本文採用合併估法，首先需要確定各國出口價格是否存在差異，若是，則依照固定效果模型估計，依照估計結果，觀察出口廠商對各進口國家價格加碼幅度，及匯率變動後匯率轉嫁的程度用來推論出口商於當地市場控制力及市場訂價程度。
Trade is an important activity open economy, exchange rate is an important factor affecting trade, exchange rate movements directly affect the import and export commodity prices, and thus changing the import and export volume, and to promote industrial development.The exchange rate changes the impact on exporters of PTM effect, on foreign imports of manufactures to pass the exchange rate effects；it not only affects the pricing strategy of exporting firms also affects the profits of exporters and international market competitiveness.When the exchange rate changes, the exporters of the commodity pricing, need to take into account the needs of foreign markets, flexible size and adjust prices after the export firms will control of the market. In this paper, the export frozen tilapia fishes, for example, to collect the same time, Taiwan''s export prices in different countries belonging to PANEL DATA analysis, this paper estimates the combined method, we first need to determine the existence of national export price difference, and if so, in accordance with the fixed-effect model estimated, according to the estimation results, observation of various importing countries, the export prices of manufacturers overweight range, and exchange rate changes is used to infer the extent of exchange rate pass-exporters in the local control of the market and the market price level. |
