| Abstract: | 巴西在進入21世紀後成為了國際舞台上重要的新興國家，同時也被列為是「金磚四國」其一成員，足可顯示巴西已被視為深具發展潛力的開發中國家。2003年魯拉政府上任後，巴西於國際上的表現更為顯著，積極參與多項國際事務，並與不同區域及國家進行合作或建立結盟，以拓展巴西的外交半徑。
國家的外交政策與現實主義息息相關，因此本論文遂以國際關係中的現實主義為觀點，來對魯拉政府的外交政策進行分析與評估，其時間範圍則從2003年上任至第二任期初的2008年，同時也從國家利益與外交政策理論來探究其政府外交政策的整體表現。魯拉政府在外交政策方面採取與右派不同的做法，它帶有左派的特點，但卻不帶有傳統左派那麼濃厚的意識形態色彩，與傳統的左派立場比較，這樣的外交政策更為務實，更容易取得成效。
魯拉政府的外交政策主張一切還是以巴西的國家利益為考量，並且從現實主義的角度來做調整，以積極務實的態度為基礎。本論文研究魯拉政府的外交政策主要可從三個方面之實質外交作為來探討，分別為與美國及歐盟已開發國家的關係、與南美區域的關係、以及與開發中大國的南南合作關係。
本論文首先從歷史研究的途徑了解巴西過去的外交政策演變，再進而探討魯拉政府的外交政策，並藉由其政府於國際上的外交作為，觀察魯拉政府外交政策的走向。最後，以現實主義的觀點來檢視魯拉政府的外交政策，並進行評估。從整體而言，魯拉政府的外交政策基本上是符合現實主義的思維。
After entering 21st century, Brazil, in the international society, has become an important emergent country, and it has been classified as one of the “BRICs”, that shows the developed country has owned strong potential of development. Since Lula''s government came to power in 2003, Brazil has taken part in lots of international affairs, as well as, has established cooperation or alliance with different countries and regions, in order to extend Brazilian diplomatic ambit.
Due to Realism is linked closely with foreign policy, hence the thesis is based on the perspective of Realism theory, and uses the method to make a detailed analysis and evaluation of the foreign policy under Lula''s government, from 2003 to 2008.Comparing with the traditional left wing government, the foreign policy of Lula still has the features of left wing, but it dilutes the ideology that traditional one always accentuates intensively.
The foreign policy of Lula''s government, basing on the definite pragmatism and adjusting from the view of Realism, thinks of national interest as prime consideration, The thesis major focuses studying on Lula''s government exhibiting diplomatically, respectively probing from 3 aspects, foreign relations with USA and European Union, with South American region, and the relations of South-South Cooperation among emergent developing countries.
The thesis at first introduces the evolution of Brazilian foreign policy via past history, and then explains the foreign policy of Lula''s government. According to the exterior exhibition of above administration, surveys the direction of foreign policy. Ultimately, using Realism theory evaluates the foreign policy of Lula''s. All in all, through research of the foreign policy, we recognize the great explanatory power of Realism essentially. |
