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    Title: Los Efectos de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en la Maquiladora Mexicana (1980-2006)
    Other Titles: 外國直接投資對墨西哥保稅加工出口業之影響(1980~2006)
    The effects of foreign direct investmnt in Mexico's maquiladora industry (1980-2006)
    Authors: 陳聲瀚;Chen, Shen-han
    Contributors: 淡江大學拉丁美洲研究所碩士班
    白方濟;Pérez Expósito, Francisco-luis
    Keywords: 加工出口;北美自由貿易協定;折衷理論;外國直接投資;多國籍企業;技術移轉;保稅加工出口製造暨服務業加強法令;部門促進計畫;Maquiladora;In-bond industry;NAFTA;Eclectic Paradigm;Foreign Direct Investment;Multinational Corporation;technology transfer;IMMEX;PROSEC;Maquiladora;TLCAN;Paradigma Eclectico;Inversion Extranjera Directa;Empresas Transnacionales;Difusion de la Tecnologia;IMMEX;PROSEC
    Date: 2010
    Issue Date: 2010-09-23 15:11:46 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 從20世紀80年代以來,墨西哥開始實施一連串的新自由主義經濟改革,降低外國直接投資設限,施行企業私有化,改善國內經濟結構,吸引外資流入。2000年開始,墨西哥已成為外資主要投資國之一,其中,保稅加工出口法令扮演著極重要的角色。透過該法令,墨國成功吸引外國投資流入,並為其經濟發展帶來許多正面效應。多國籍企業投資墨國之初是為了獲取利潤,然而許多結果顯示外國直接投資亦帶來其它對經濟發展的正面影響,例如:增加就業、改善貿易平衡、移轉技術等。相關的理論亦顯示,多國籍企業能夠成為地主國引進技術與科技的管道。該法令從1965年來發展至今,已成為墨國吸引外國直接投資之不可或缺的媒介。

      本論文,旨在研究外國直接投資對墨國保稅加工出口業之影響,透過外國直接投資的相關理論與經驗來闡釋該現象。佐以國際貿易理論,特別是折衷理論為基礎,來探討促使外國直接投資之相關要件與其為地主國帶來的可能影響。同時本文將研究墨西哥保稅加工出口業之概念與發展進程,其次分析北美自由貿易協定與墨國境內法案對保稅加工出口業所產生之影響。最後,分析保稅加工出口業之產業升級及外國直接投資所帶來之技術移轉。研究結果證明,在保稅加工出口業法令下,多國籍企業並非只是在墨國支付廉價工資或是帶來汙染,同時亦為其帶來正向的經濟發展。
    A series of economy reforming based on Neoliberalism was initiated in Mexico since 1980, which included lower limitation of foreign direct investment (FDI), privatization, improving domastic economy structure and attracting foreign investment. Eventually, Mexico had turned into one of the major investing destination of foriegn investors since year of 2000, and the Maquiladora Decree had played an important role in it. With this decree, Mexico had sucessfully attracted the inflow of foreign capital and investment, which brought a series of positive effections to its economy development.

    Although the propose of multinational corporations (MNCs) to invest Mexico was for their own interest, several results had shown the possitive effections from foriegin investment to Mexican economy development, e.g., increasing employment, promoting trade balance and inducing new technologies...etc. In addition, relevant theories also point out that MNCs can be the channel for those recipient conutries to obtain new technologies. In short, this decree had becoming an indispensible factor for Mexico to attract foriegn investment since 1965.

    This thesis is focusing on the effects of FDI to mexican maquiladora industry, and intended to explain such phenomenon through relevant theories and practices of FDI; moreover, it also discussed the elements that promote FDI and the influence to the recipient countries based on the international trade theories, particularly the Eclectic Paradigm Theory. This research also studied the concept and development process of maquiladora industry, and analyzed the influences of North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and domestic rules / acts / laws of Mexico to its maquladora industry. After all foregoing studies, this thesis attempts to analysis the industrial upgrading of maquiladora and also the effects of diffusion of technology and productive processes. In sum, this research concluded that the MNCs are conducive to the economy development of Mexico, despite of the low wage it pays and the pollution it generated.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute of Latin American Studies] Thesis

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