本研究主要利用陶瓷薄膜以crossflow及Dead-End過濾的方式將含油廢水油水分離。含油廢水主要分為兩種來源，一為CASE系統產生之含油廢水，另一為傳統乳化之含油廢水。 在crossflow過濾型式，初始濾出流速會隨著TMP增加而增加；之後，隨著壓力繼續增加，濾出流速卻呈現穩定態；最後，TMP持續上升而濾出流速反而突升，並且濾出水樣之COD也隨之升高。因此，含油廢水以陶瓷薄膜掃流過濾，在低TMP下過濾方能達到最佳效果。 在Dead-End過濾型式，CASE系統產生之含油廢水以每10 min過濾加入2 min掃流來減少薄膜過濾造成的阻塞，並且，當濾速低於100 L m-2 H-1以下，TMP可達穩定態。相較來說，以傳統乳化之含油廢水來進行過濾，薄膜內因阻塞造成TMP隨時間變化而逐漸累積上升。 以薄膜Dead-End過濾CASE系統產生之含油廢水的探討中，將討論廢水特性造成薄膜過濾之影響。廢水濃度設為0.1至1％，不過，廢水濃度之大小對薄膜阻塞影響性較小。不過，不同的溶質溶劑比例將會影響薄膜過濾而造成阻塞。在廢水濃度設為0.4％，當溶質溶劑比例為1:1和5:1時，TMP會隨著過濾時間變化而升高，而當過濾溶質溶劑比例為1:10之過濾TMP卻為穩定態。最後，在含油廢水溶劑的回收方面，我們知道當溶劑經過薄膜過濾後可達到回收之最大量。 This research''s goal is to separate oil from water using a ceramic membrane operated in crossflow and dead-end filtration modes, respectively. Two types of oily water generated by CASE and traditional emulsification methods, respectively, were treated. Under crossflow mode, three distinct stages of flux vs. TMP (trans-membrane pressure) relationship could be observed. In the first stage, flux increases with increasing TMP which is followed by the stage of stable flux with increasing TMP. After a threshold TMP which is dependent of crossflow velocity, flux increases again with increasing TMP. At this stage, oil was pushed through membrane pores as indicated by increasing permeate COD. In dead-end filtration mode, an intermittent crossflow (2 min after a 10-min of dead-end filtration) was incorporated to reduce membrane fouling. TMP was stable throughout the experiment for tests operated at flux of less than 100 lm-2h-1 when CASE generated water was treated. On the other hand, TMP increased gradually with time for treating traditionally emulsified oily water. Effects of oily water compositions generated by CASE on dead-end filtration were also investigated. Oil contents ranging from 0.1 to 1% have not detrimental effect on membrane fouling. However, extractant/solvent ratios do have impact on membrane fouling. At fixed oil content of 0.4%, TMP for treating oily water made of extractant/solvent ratios of 1:1 and 5:1 increased with increasing filtration time. Finally, the recovery of oil from membrane retentate was compared with that of original water, showing enhancement of oil recovery after membrane filtration.
