| 摘要: | 本研究主要在探討台灣地區人為廢熱排放及其對環境的影響，研究主要包括兩部份，即(1)人為廢熱排放量的估算，(2)利用中尺度氣象模式評估廢熱排放對氣象的影響。所考慮的廢熱排放量包含煙囪廢熱、移動污染源、電力消耗、住宅商業能源消耗及人體新陳代謝等；從總量來看，煙囪廢熱最大，其次依序為移動污染源、電力、住宅商業能源及人體新陳代謝；以網格排放量而言，最大排放量多在發電廠附近，其值可達2,105 W/m2。將所得到的廢熱排放量數據，輸入中尺度氣象模式進行模擬，以探討人為廢熱對台灣地區氣象的影響。研究結果證實排放人為廢熱會讓大都會區(台北基隆、高雄、台中彰化、桃園中壢及台南)溫度上升0.2~0.6℃，北部濕度下降約0.0005~0.001 Kg-vapor/Kg-air，南部濕度上升約0.0005 Kg-vapor/Kg-air；廢熱也會影響混合層高度之發展。
The objective of this study is to estimate the emission rates of anthropogenic waste heat in Taiwan and evaluate their impact on the environment. In the first part of this paper, the emission rates of anthropogenic waste heat generate from different sectors, including industrial and power plant stacks, mobile sources, electrical consumptions, commercial and residential buildings and human metabolism, were estimated. The total amount of heat release form stacks is the largest. For 1km x 1km resolution, the largest heat emission from a single grid is 2105 W/m2, which is released near a power plant.
The estimated gridded heat emission rates were inputted to a mesoscale meteorological model to investigate their effects on local meteorological conditions. The numerical results were compared with observations to evaluate the performance of different simulations. According to the numerical simulations, the anthropogenic waste heat can increase the surface temperature in metropolitan areas (for examples, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, and Tainan) by 0.2~0.6℃. The water content in northern Taiwan may increase about 0.5-1.0g/Kg-air, while in southern Taiwan it may increase by 0.5g/Kg-air. According to the simulation, the waste heat has significant impact on the development of mixing height in urban area. |
