本研究成功的在有機溶劑中製備含有羥基硫醇包覆的奈米金，並取代合成聚胺基甲酸酯中的鏈延長劑，與二異氰酸鹽反應形成鍵結，使奈米金成為高分子主鏈的一部份，藉此將奈米金均勻分散在高分子中。有別於其它文獻使用摻合法製備高分子-奈米金複合材料，造成奈米金含量太低的缺點，本研究利用高分子與奈米金間的化學鍵結，提升奈米金在複合材料中的含量。研究中分別使用聚酯類及聚醚類多元醇合成聚胺基甲酸酯-奈米金複合材料，並探討複合材料的製備條件和性質表現，以及奈米金對不同軟鍵段結晶度及氫鍵的影響。 SEM、UV-Vis、FT-IR、NMR及XRD結果顯示所合成的聚胺基甲酸酯及其奈米金複合材料結構正確，奈米金粒徑大小穩定且均勻分佈在固態複合薄膜中。研究結果發現加入奈米金後，可提升聚酯類聚胺基甲酸酯-奈米金複合材料軟、硬鏈段間的氫鍵，以及降低聚醚類複合材料硬鏈段間的氫鍵。TGA顯示奈米金能改善聚胺基甲酸酯的熱性質。DSC及 POM發現聚酯類聚胺基甲酸酯加入奈米金後軟鏈段結晶度上升、球晶數目增加、玻璃轉移溫度上升。DMA顯示在玻璃轉移溫度以前，聚酯類聚胺基甲酸酯因奈米金的加入，自由體積增加，儲存模數下降；過了玻璃轉移溫度以後，奈米金及氫鍵造成鏈段移動的阻礙，儲存模數上升。而聚醚類聚胺基甲酸酯結果與聚酯類相同，但因氫鍵、自由體積影響不大，變化程度較小。應力-應變性質測試結果得知，聚酯類聚胺基甲酸酯加入奈米金後，材料機械性質變脆，伸長率減少，抗張強度變強。 The gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated by MUD were successfully prepared in the organic solvent. This GNPs substituted the chain extender of polyurethanes (PU) and reacted with the diisocyanate. GNPs became a part of the polymer main chain, and hence can be dispersed uniformly in the nanocomposites. Because the previous literatures which used blend method to prepare the polymer-nanogold composites were the low content of GNPs, in this study the chemical bonding between the polymers and GNPs were formed to prepare the composites of high content of GNPs. The polyurethane-nanogold (PU-Au) nanocomposites were synthesized by the polyester and polyether individually. The preparation and characterization of nanocomposites and the effects of GNPs on the crystallinity and hydrogen-bonded in the different soft segments were investigated. SEM, UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR and XRD results show that PU and PU-Au nanocomposites are prepared successfully, and GNPs of uniform size are well dispersed in the solid composites. FT-IR results indicate that GNPs can improve the hydrogen-bonded between the soft and hard segments in the polyester-type PU-Au composites, but it reduces the hydrogen-bonded between the hard and hard segments in the polyether-type PU-Au composites. TGA results show that GNPs can improve the thermal stability of PU. DSC and POM results indicate that the crystallinity, number of spherulities and glass transition temperature (Tg) are increased with the amount of GNPs in the polyester-type PU-Au composites. DMA results show that the storage modulus is decreased with the amount of GNPs in the polyester-type PU-Au composites below Tg which is due to the increasing free volume, but the results of storage modulus are reverse when the temperature above Tg due to the resistance of hydrogen-bonded between GNPs and soft segments. The results of storage modulus in the polyether-type PU-Au composites are similar to the polyester-type PU-Au composites. The degree of storage modulus changes slightly in the polyether-type PU-Au composites, because the effects of hydrogen-bonded and free volume are smaller than the polyester-type PU-Au composites. Stress-strain measurement results show that the tensile strength is raised by increasing the content of GNPs in the polyester-type PU-Au composites.
