鋼筋混凝土建築物功能性耐震能力評估法之研究

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Title:	鋼筋混凝土建築物功能性耐震能力評估法之研究
Other Titles:	A study on seismic capacity evaluation of performance-based method for reinforced concrete buildings
Authors:	施明媛;Shih, Ming-yuan
Contributors:	淡江大學建築學系碩士班何德仁;Ho, Te-jun
Keywords:	功能性耐震能力評估法;耐震能力評估;容量震譜;耐震能力;耐震;Seismic capacity evaluation;Performance-Based method;Seismic Capacity
Date:	2005
Issue Date:	2010-01-11 05:27:34 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	國內目前普遍採用的建築結構耐震能力詳細評估之方法，主要是以ETABS結構分析軟體作建築物之強度檢核，以及韌性與強度為主之耐震能力詳細評估法。以強度檢核為主之評估法，難以準確掌握結構物之真正非線性特性，以及既存建物有多少耐震能力，沒有具體客觀的標準。耐震能力詳細評估為主之分析方法，以此法評估最大的問題是於地震力作用下，各構材的極限強度並不會同時發生，而是隨著構材的韌性逐漸發生破壞，再者對於同時具有鋼筋混凝土造、鋼骨鋼筋混凝土造及鋼骨造組合而成的混合建築，無法正確評估其耐震能力。本文以功能性耐震能力評估法評估既存建築物之耐震能力，考慮到結構物構材韌性能力的不同，而逐漸發生破壞的行為，且利用ATC-40容量震譜法評估建物於不同破壞行為下之地表加速度，並給予概念式之定性描述；因採用側推分析(Push Over Analysis)方法評估建物耐震能力，故既有建物之軟層、弱層、平立面不規則等特性皆能反應於結構分析之中；另結構體因為長期使用而產生裂縫、變形、老化等缺陷，這些結構缺陷對於建築物的耐震能力會有一定程度的影響，也應該反應於耐震能力評估之中。本文以二棟建築物為分析案例，案例一為鋼筋混凝土建築物，案例二為鋼骨造與鋼筋混凝土造混合建物。分析結果綜合討論如下： 1.案例二建物受到經年性的影響，其計算所得之崩塌地表加速度Ac可再減折至0.89Ac。 2.韌性用盡與容許韌性容量下之崩塌地表加速度比值約在1.3~1.8倍間，表示耐震能力詳細評估法所得到之地表加速度，應可以再放大1.3~1.8倍之耐震能力。 3.結構物應該會隨著構材塑鉸逐步形成而週期隨之改變，根據案例分析結果顯示，降伏點到崩塌點之週期變化約在1.1~1.3倍。 4.案例二耐震能力詳細評估法將鋼構樓層排除於結構分析之中，經分析結果顯示，塌崩層為第二層，而本文評估法分析結果顯示，崩塌層為第四層鋼構層。因為耐震能力詳細評估僅適用於鋼筋混凝土造建物，故採用功能性耐震能力評估法，可以真正反應崩塌樓層。 The methods about the seismic capacity evaluation method for structures are generally used by the ETABS structure software to check strength and by the detail evaluation of seismic capacity method mainly analyzed by ductility and strength. The evaluation method checked by strength is difficult to state accurately the real characteristics of the nonlinear behaviors of structures, and it is no concrete and objective standards. The most important problem of the detail evaluation of seismic capacity method is the building structure that members are not suffered from destruction at the same time but are gradually destroyed under seismic force, and Moreover, the seismic capacity of the mixing buildings for reinforced building, steel construction building, and steel reinforced building are not able to be correctly evaluated. Evaluated by the seismic capacity evaluation of performance-based method, it is applied to seismic capacity of the existing building that the structure members of difference ductility capacity and the behaviors that failures happen gradually are considered in the paper. The ground accelerations under different failures are evaluated by utilizing ATC-40 capacity spectrum method, and the paper offers damage control and building performance levels. Because using pushover analysis to evaluate the seismic capacity of buildings, the method can react to soft story, weak story, and layout and elevation irregular etc. in the structure analysis. Because of the long time using, such defects as cracks, deformations, aging etc. take place on the structure. The paper here producse a certain degree of reacting on the building while evaluated in seismic capacity evaluation. The paper regards two buildings as the analysis cases. One case is RC building, and the other case is mixing building of SC and RC. The analysis result is discussed as following. 1.The case two is on the influence of life, and then collapse ground acceleration Ac can be reduced to 0.89Ac again. 2.The ratio of collapse ground acceleration is among 1.3~1.8 times under ductility used up and allowable ductility capacity. It shows the detail evaluation of seismic capacity enlarged by 1.3~1.8 times again. 3.The period shall be changed progressively with forming hinges of the structure members from yielding point to collapse point about 1.1~1.3 times according to analysis result of the case. 4. It is the second story to collapse shown by the analysis result, but SC story is not considered in the detail evaluation of seismic capacity method. It is the fourth story to collapse shown by the seismic capacity evaluation of performance-based method. The main reason is that the detail evaluation of seismic capacity is only suitable for RC building but the seismic capacity evaluation of performance-based method shall be suitable for mixing building.
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