| 摘要: | 本論文是從程廷祚的《大易擇言》、《易通》及《讀易管見》等著作中，理出他的《易》學淵源，並由他對佛、老的導正，架構出他的時中觀，另外，則是爬梳他的《易》學著作中的義理，把握他「彰顯天德，挺立人道」的思想脈絡，分別按單元主題論述，呈現他的天道論、人性論、實踐論。
本論文凡八章，第一章<緒論>分別是研究動機、研究方法，並且對前人的研究成果做一分析評論。第二章<程廷祚之生平>分別介紹其家世淵源、顏李學派的關係、交遊關係及學術著作，大致勾勒廷祚一生的學行。第三章<廷祚之《易》學觀>分別探討其《易》學淵源、對義理及象數的會通，進而建立起其實踐為導向的《易》學觀。第四章<廷祚《易》學之天道論>此部分筆者運用清儒王船山的「二端一致論」來確立乾坤生成是宇宙生生不息的外緣，而「易簡」則是維持宇宙秩序和諧的內因，順此理路言之，筆者又依據曾春海所提出的三大宇宙運動變化的自然律（相互對待的變通律、總體和諧的均衡律、終則復始的循環律）來確立廷祚《周易》著作中的天道觀。第五章<廷祚《易》學之人性論>此部分則討論廷祚的性命一元論、人性論，進而從心知肯定主體的價值。第六章<廷祚《易》學之實踐論>此部分說明廷祚以為「心」只有一個，至於人心與道心，天理與人欲皆只是權說，最終目的是要回復天理、道心，俾使人道完成。第七章<廷祚《易》學之時中觀>此部分乃廷祚針對佛氏舍命言性的貴空思想，老氏遺形全神的尚無精神，以致外王事業無法開出的癥結，提出了「時中」理念，唯有掌握「時中」，王道方有可能。第八章<總結>則是對本論文的回顧及檢討。
The thesis analyzes the origin of Chen Ting-zuo’s Yi thoughts from his writings of Da-Yi-Ze-Yan (The opinions of the Yi thoughts), Yi-Ton (Understanding of the Yi) and Du-Yi-Guan-Jian (Sights when reading the Yi). Besides, it also builds up his Shi-Zhong theory (the principle of obeying the mean) by his rectification to Fo (Buddha) and Lao (Lao-tzu). Moreover, by holding his thoughts of “enhancing the moral philosophy and keeping up the humanity”, the thesis also excavates the principles and meanings of his Yi writings, and discusses his theories of Tian-Dao (moral philosophy of the universe), humanity and practices.
There are eight chapters in the thesis. The first one is constituted by the research motive, methodology, and literature review. “Chen Ting-zuo’s autobiography” in Chapter 2 draws the outlines of his study and behavior by introducing his family background, relationship with Yen-Lee school of thoughts, associations and academic writings. “Ting-zuo’s thoughts of the Yi” in Chapter 3 probes into the origin and understanding of his Yi philosophy and discusses his practice-oriented point of view. In Chapter 4, “the moral philosophy of Ting-zuo’s Yi thoughts”, the author uses Wan Chuan-shan’s theory of “unity in two extremities” to establish firmly that Quan Kun (heaven and earth) is the rim to make the universe alive and kicking, and Yi Jian (simple) is the principle part to make the universe concord and harmonic. In view of the above, the author again uses Zen Chun-Hai’s “natural theory of the three changes in the universe (flexibility of mutuality, equilibrium of macro-coordinance , and rounding of circulation” to assure Ting-zuo’s moral philosophy in his writing, “Cho Yi.” In Chapter 5, “The humanity in Ting-Zuo’s Yi thoughts”, two of Ting-zuo’s theories, “unity of life” and “humanity thoughts”, are discussed to reveal the value of unit. “Practice of Ting-zuo’s Yi thoughts” in Chapter 6 illustrates that there is only one “heart” in Ting-zuo’s point of view. Human heart, moral heart, universe principle and human desire are all doctrines and will be unified back to universe morality and principles and make the humanity completed. Chapter 7, “the Shi Zhong theory of Ting-zuo’s Yi thoughts”, discusses his thoughts to Buddha, Lao-tzu and the crux of Wan Dao’s (the operation of politics) obstacle, and thus he brings up the Shi Zhong theory to make Wan Dao possible. Finally, a summary of the thesis and self-criticism in Chapter 8 is proposed to make it completed. |
