| Abstract: | 李唐皇室結束六朝分裂局面，取得政權後，由於胡化極深的背景，無法取得原先實際握有政權的中原舊世族的支持，是以唐太宗開始培植支持李唐的新世族，亦即所謂的關隴集團，並開始計劃性而策略性的舉辦科舉制度。及至武后專政，為了對抗中原舊世族及關隴集團，刻意進用平民，科舉制度於焉大備。
有唐一代自高祖武德元年迄昭宣帝天祐四年（618-907）近三百年間，政權由舊世族所全權掌控到釋放給科舉出身的平民，在朝廷中引發朋黨之爭，勢如火水；在社會中則由原先對世族的極度仰慕，逐漸轉成對進士的看重，到晚唐藩鎮割據之際，甚至「出將」取代原先「入相」之人生理想。對個人而言，則平民可進入朝廷為官，導致對自身個別性的強調及個人主義之抬頭。
面對《太平廣記》這部晚唐以前小說的總集，本論文採用「小說證史」的方式，發現經過不同階段之唐代文人的創作、言行記載，不但顯露社會對門第觀念的轉變，以及科舉制度帶動下顯露的士風，同時更看出權力輪替過程於政治、社會面相的影響。也可看出因未完全受傳統漢文化所認可的胡化唐皇室，挾科舉制度以掌控天下，而所有士風之敗壞及門第觀念之轉變，也無非是平民階層藉由科舉制度進入政府組織之際，所產生的動盪的必然過程。
本論文第二章係就門第觀念形成的背景，切入文本所反映之有唐一代門第觀念之轉變；第三章即就因平民可參政之科舉考試以及朋黨之爭所衝擊出之唐代士風，於《太平廣記》所收錄小說中之反映。第四章綜合科舉制度下所引發之中原舊世族與平民科舉新貴兩股政治力量爭競、消長下，於文本所反映之社會面相，如平民意識抬頭、政治主宰一切、女性自覺而文人描寫多為負面等，進行全文之析論。
After Tang Dynasty ended split six Dynasitis which were deeply influenced by Mongols and took the political powers, Tang couldn’t obtain the support of the original actual powers held by the old nobles in Central Plains.
Thus, the second emperor---Tang Tai Chung started to establish new nobles, the so-called Guan Long Group, schemingly and strategically began to hold the imperial examination system for the people.
It was not until the Empress Wu came into power that she purposely recruited from the civilians. As a result, the imperial examination system was then brought to completion.
Tang Dynasty lasted from the first year of Kao Ju Wu Der to the fourth year of Jao Shuang Emperor over three hundred years; the political power was released to common people raised from the imperial examination system instead of original nobles, it came to the result of the struggle between groups and parties with severe conflicts in the imperial court.
As for the society , people would rather turn to esteem chin-shihs (the graduates of the imperial examinations) than admire the original nobles. To the late Tang Dynasty with local authorities independent of the central authority, people even considered their vision as” being a soldier” rather than” being an official”. As for the individual, since civilians could be the government officials, it resulted in emphasizing individual characteristics and the rising abruptly of individualism.
To confront with 《Tai Ping Guang Chi》, the novel collections before Sung Dynasty,the research would adopt the way of “to demonstrate history via novels”, finding different stages of scholars’ literary creation, behavior recorded in the Tang Dynasty; in this way, it not only showed that pedigrees ideas toward the society had changed; pushing forward imperial examination system to reveal officialdom circumstance, but it also showed the influence of political and social dimensions by political party transition process. Meanwhile, we can also see that Mongolian culture, which wasn’t approved by the traditional Han culture,dominating the whole world by utilizing imperial examination system. It seemed to be an essential turbulent process for civilians entering the government by imperial examination system that all officialdom circumstance ruined and pedigrees ideas changed.
The chapter two of this research, according to the forming background of pedigrees ideas, is to analyze the change of pedigrees ideas reflected in the Tang Dynasty; chapter three is to probe into common people that could participate in politics by imperial examination system, and officialdom circumstance resulted from the clique war in Tang Dynasty reflected in《Tai Ping Guang Chi》.
Chapter four indicates the imperial examination system that resulted in politics power fighting and the ebb and flow of the parties between original nobles and the civilian new nobles; in the research, it also analyzes and discusses negative social images reflected in this article such as the civilians’ consciousness rising , politics dominates the whole lot, and females’ self-awareness, etc.
culture, which wasn’t approved by the traditional Han culture, dominating the whole world by utilizing imperial examination system. It seemed to be an essential turbulent process for civilians entering the government by imperial examination system that all officialdom circumstance ruined and pedigrees ideas changed.
The chapter two of this research, according to the forming background of pedigrees ideas, is to analyze the change of pedigrees ideas reflected in the Tang Dynasty; chapter three is to probe into common people that could participate in politics by imperial examination system, and officialdom circumstance resulted from the clique war in Tang Dynasty reflected in《Tai Ping Guang Chi》.
Chapter four indicates the imperial examination system that resulted in politics power fighting and the ebb and flow of the parties between original nobles and the civilian new nobles; in the research, it also analyzes and discusses negative social images reflected in this article such as the civilians’ consciousness rising , politics dominates the whole lot, and females’ self-awareness, etc. |
