首章，論述中國哲學「天人合德」的傳統，有別於西方哲學的「天人二分」，故產生「人性論」、「倫理學」、「政治論」、「知識論」的不同理解，儒家朱子一系的「意義治療」亦可以經由格義，以成立其可能。次章，朱子「下學而上達」的工夫論，在西方哲學角度是「知識論」與「本體論」的斷裂，而且只能是「他律」的倫理道德；故從《易》學觀察，朱子是如何將「形上學」構作成一與人倫日用相符應的設計？三章，則由《中庸》的生命境界，論證朱子哲學的「心」、「性」、「情」、「理」、「氣」等字義概念，是可以經由《大學》的遇事磨鍊以使本心明覺，進而默契於形上存有根源之「道」，而從此消除主、客之別，進而於現象世界一體和諧，而成就「自律」的倫理道德。四章，敘述《論語》於生活世界的當機點撥，以為良知之教；《孟子》又證立了一套人皆本具形上道德之「心體」，可藉由呈現以存養而產生實踐動力，成就潛存之「性體」，從而將形下認知與氣欲之「心」，提升至與宇宙無盡「天道」相冥合，至此形上造化本源，就經由精神心靈的自覺，而由人所能參育天「道」之創化，突破人類時感有限的缺憾，而使心靈境界成為一無限的存在，即使肉體有消亡之時，一體之仁的精神感應，使愛永遠長存世間，從此生命得一存在的意義，進而生活充滿自信與愉悅。五章，探討於中國的歷史世界，此生命心靈的學問，雖有著人人從事修養，則世界從此一體和睦的應然理想；實然的現象界卻永遠充滿著缺憾、破裂；成德的理論更是有被誤用的可能，而使得儒家的宗教性，成為了被帝王專制所把執的工具。則需探討宗教本懷的扭曲處為何？期使儒家找回原初的淑世價值，進而相應於現代社會的需求。 This article primarily takes the varient nourshing ways as the different methodism leading to “Tao”. First of all, the meaning therapy of the Confucianism is totally different from E.Frankl’s Logotherapy due to the special interest for the harmony between the cosmos and human.
Second, Zhu xi’s concern for ”studying down below and attaining up above” belongs to “other-directed” ethics in the opinion of the Western philosophy. Not with standing, Zhu xi constructed his theory successgully on the basis of the ordinary life in his interpretation of “Yi Jing”.
Third, in light of “Da Syue”, it proves that the “Self-directed” ethics can be established in the way of the consciousness awakened by tribulations.
Fourth, one of the most significance in Confucianism is human’s spirit will become a infinite being even if the fresh is spirit will become a infinite being even if the fresh is no longer in existence by enlightenment or linkage fresh is no longer in existence by enlightenment or linkage self’s subjective with the “Tao”. In this manner, life lasting forever is no longer a dream.
Finally, countered to the reality filled with regret and sorrow of the rift between one’s spirit and the world, the article refers to the common misunderstanding to the Confucianism today. I attempt to look up the primative value of the Confucianism to make our modern society better.
