兒童圖書館閱覽座椅使用現況之研究－從人因觀點切入

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Title:	兒童圖書館閱覽座椅使用現況之研究－從人因觀點切入
Other Titles:	A study on the use of reading chair in the children's library : from the viewpoint of ergonomics
Authors:	伍崇毓;Wu, Chung-yu
Contributors:	淡江大學資訊與圖書館學系碩士班宋雪芳;Song, Sheue-fang
Keywords:	兒童圖書館;人因工程;人體計測;閱覽座椅;Children’s library;Ergonomics;Anthropometry;Reading Chair
Date:	2007
Issue Date:	2010-01-11 05:07:01 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	兒童圖書館是除了家庭、學校環境之外，另一個提供兒童學習教育的地方，培養兒童閱讀與思考能力的最佳場所。根據調查，兒童的坐姿在今日生活中正快速的惡化，其原因之一便是使用不合適的座椅而造成的錯誤姿勢所致。坐姿不良而導致的傷害多為肌肉骨骼系統方面的疾病，包含脊椎側彎、椎間盤突出、下背痛等，此外亦會造成近視以及影響學習效率，實不可輕忽。總之，關注此一議題並營造一個適合兒童閱覽的兒童圖書館是重要的。本研究目的為瞭解台灣地區兒童圖書館閱覽桌椅的樣式及尺寸規格、兒童使用閱覽座椅的坐姿情況、選擇閱覽座椅之考量依據，並透過調查兒童及家長的看法，瞭解兒童使用兒童圖書館閱覽座椅的使用狀況、人因觀點及建議事項。本研究採文獻分析、觀察法及問卷調查三種方式，以大台北地區的兒童圖書館為研究機構，包含台北市立圖書館兒童室、國立台灣圖書館親子資料室、財團法人國語日報兒童圖書館之 7至12歲的國小兒童及其家長為研究對象。本研究共計調查了72位兒童及48位家長，研究結果如下：一、A館桌椅樣式較多元且數量較多二、B館提供可調式人因工程座椅三、C館提供符合低、中、高年級的合適座椅四、兒童錯誤尋找不合適座椅五、兒童坐姿情形普遍不佳六、兒童選擇座椅以造型及顏色為重七、家長則以尺寸規格為考量依據八、兒童使用兒童圖書館座椅頻率遠高於地板九、多數家長不希望小孩在地板上閱讀十、兒童認為座椅過高及缺乏椅背是最不舒適的座椅十一、兒童使用不合適座椅最易引起腰背、腿腳部位不舒服十二、兒童人因觀點差、家長人因觀點佳十三、兒童及家長面對不適座椅時皆採取無所謂的消極處理方式十四、兒童及家長並不希望館員主動介入協助兒童尋找合適座椅十五、合適座椅種類及數量是影響兒童尋找座椅的容易度及滿意度的因素十六、兒童人因認知、人因考量、人因行為越佳則身體發生不適經驗比例越低根據上述研究結果提出以下建議：一、給兒童及家長之建議（一）加強兒童人因教育（二）加強家長的人因行為（三）家長鼓勵、協助兒童正確坐姿的保持二、給館員及兒童圖書館之建議（一）改善座椅現況、加強採購合適性座椅（二）兒童圖書館舉辦人因健康等活動（三）暢通讀者與館員之間的溝通管道（四）兒童圖書館空間規劃、指標清楚（五）兒童圖書館人因委員會的設置（六）圖書館學會制定法條並加以推動 In addition to elementary school, the children’s library is another good place where children can read and learn. It provides educational function for children, including the ability of reading and thinking.According to the research, sitting posture of children becomes from bad to worse recently, one of the main reasons is children use unsuitable chairs, then lead to wrong sitting posture. Bad posture behavior may lead to musculoskeletal injury, including scoliosis, disc herniation, and low back pain etc. Besides, bad posture behavior also cause nearsightedness and affect efficiency of study. To sum up, it is important to pay attention to this issue and create good reading environment for children in the children’s library. This research aims to understand the style and size of desks and chairs, posture of children, the consideration patterns when they select reading chairs. Moreover, to understand the situation of children use reading chairs, viewpoint of ergonomics, and their suggestions from surveying children and parents. The methods of this study are literature review, observation, and questionnaires. The research institution is children’s libraries in Taipei, including Children’s Library of Taipei Public Library, National Taiwan Library, Mandarin Daily News. The including criteria of the subject: the age of children is 7 to 12, and their parents. The total of 72 questionnaires of children and 48 questionnaires of parents were received validly. The research concluded with and implications of the finding. The findings indicate 16 conclusions. 1.Library A provides the most styles and numbers of desks and chairs. 2.Library B provides ergonomics chair. 3.Library C provides chairs which suitable for all grades of children. 4.Children use unsuitable chairs in the children’s library. 5.The sitting posture of children is bad in the children’s library. 6.Children select chairs from considering modeling and color. 7.Parents select chairs from considering the size. 8.Children sit on the chair more frequent than on the floor. 9.Most parents don’t hope their child sit on the floor when reading books. 10.Children consider the most little comfortable chairs are too height or no backrest. 11.Children feel back and leg uncomfortable when sitting on unsuitable chairs. 12.The viewpoint of Human factor of Children is bad, however that of parents is good. 13.Both children and parents adopt passive attitude and action when meeting with unsuitable chairs. 14.Children and parents don’t hope librarian help them find suitable chairs actively. 15.The styles and numbers of suitable chairs are the factors which affect the easiness and satisfaction of children’s find chair. 16.The more correct viewpoint of ergonomics of Children, the less injury of them. According to the research above, my suggestions are as following: 1.Educate children correct viewpoint of ergonomics. 2.Enhance parents’ good behavior of ergonomics. 3.Parents encourage their child to maintain good sitting posture. 4.Libraries improve equipment of chair and purchase suitable chairs. 5.Children’s libraries hold healthy action about ergonomics education regularly. 6.Children’s libraries have clear space arrangement and distinct guide of suitable chairs. 7.Children’s libraries establish committee of ergonomics plan. 8.Library Association lay down related rules and promote them.
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