English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Items with full text/Total items : 62797/95867 (66%)
Visitors : 3730808      Online Users : 631
RC Version 7.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library & TKU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/34230


    Title: 北宋文人飲食觀流變
    Other Titles: Confucian scholar's dietary culture in the northern Sung dynasty
    Authors: 林鴻偉;Lin, Hung-wei
    Contributors: 淡江大學歷史學系碩士班
    黃繁光;Hwang, Farn-guang
    Keywords: 北宋;飲食;文人;社會生活;價值觀;Northern Sung Dynasty;Confucian scholar;Dietary;values
    Date: 2008
    Issue Date: 2010-01-11 05:04:04 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   宋代飲食文化最常被人注意到的兩個特點,其一是多彩多姿的市井飲食,蓬勃發展的風格在都會化的過程中,形成多樣發展,為後世飲食生活開拓新基。另一點就是北宋文人對於儉約、樸實、淡泊飲食的注重,這也是後代所公認的宋代飲食文化特色之一,但對此種飲食觀出現的緣由及其長期發展過程之探究,學界對此上著墨不多。故本文旨在探討北宋文人飲食文化觀的流變與特色。

      北宋文人飲食觀隨著當時政治現實、經濟環境、文風特性等各種因素的改變,如隨著立國後的內部建設、國內外貿易的興盛、人口的穩定成長等情勢之演進,產生了與時俱進的飲食觀。宋代伴隨著都市化現象,帶動了市場需求,也刺激了新技術的發展與使用,使得糧食產量不斷提昇。社會生活大體獲得穩定的糧食供給候,人們便有餘力講究副食的消費花樣。於是副食的栽培生產,已可見到許多大規模專業化照料栽培的紀錄,且有系列的產銷通路,形成商品經濟。

      飲食生活的榮盛,加工葉與運輸業的配合更是不可或缺,食品因為能夠作較長期的保存,加上國家統一,方便運輸路線通達全國,由此可看到運輸業的專業化分工,乃至配合各種需求的大小規模運輸業之出現,均有助於飲食用品的出產與消費。

      伴隨著經濟成長,人們的開始認同,「名氣」是挑選產品的重要考量,推到極致竟將昂貴等同優質,消費風氣日漸轉向奢侈,飲食文化也愈趨浮華。客觀環境上因有宋初勳貴為躲避猜忌而專注生活享受,以及文人社會地位的提升等背景,連帶引領了這股奢華飲食風潮。北宋部分文人對此現象感到不滿,起而倡導個人自我約束品行的價值觀,及清淡儉樸飲食觀念,能夠在看重生活享受的風氣中,形成一道中流砥柱。因此北宋飲食文化呈現奢侈與儉約並行,形成一大一小的風貌。
      The dietary culture in Northern Sung Dynasty has two prevailing subjects. One is its dietary diversity in general population that was developed during its time of urbanization. The diversity developed in this period has essential influence on dietary culture in later ages. Another subject discussed is the plain and frugal dietary style among its literate population. Literate people’s paying attention to frugal diet makes it another noticeable subject for one to study, however, few were looking into the origin of such phenomenon and its long-term development. Therefore this literature is meant to discuss the dietary features and the developing process of those features among literate population in Northern Sung Dynasty.

    The literate population’s attitude toward food changed through the factors from politics, economics, and literature style. One example is the construction of infrastructure right after the nation had been founded. It integrated the nation and secured the stable growth of the population. Northern Sung’s urbanization kept the market’s demanding on new methods for crop growth. With the sufficient food supply, people can then afford the luxury for non-staple food. This made the specialization of non-staple food growing--we saw evidence of this from records of expert growing on a large scale--happened, and they also developed a systematic product and marketing channel. Here we see that they have formed an economy of production.

    Thanks to the expertise in manufacturing foods, the food can be preserved a long period. This advantage advanced further by transportation. The transportation reached every corner of the nation. They also had their own specialization for different customer demands. There were people doing transportation did it as a full-time occupation.

    Through its economic growth and recognition of people, fame had become one of the factors influencing consumers’ choice of productions. High expense were seen as high quality. The consumers tended to purchase products of extravagance, as well as products in foods.

    In the beginning of the dynasty, nobles plunged themselves in places of luxury for political reasons. Estate of literate population were also raised at that time that made them join to the trend of prodigal life with the nobles. Parts of the population reacted to the trend, and demanded for personal restriction and evaluation. This demand thus generated the frugal dietary feature we see today, and made it a subculture at the time, paralleled the prodigal diet culture with its minor force.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute & Department of History] Thesis

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    0KbUnknown436View/Open

    All items in 機構典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library & TKU Library IR teams. Copyright ©   - Feedback