全球暖化議題已成為世界各國政府必須審慎面對之真相,「節能減碳」亦成為台灣政府施政主軸。然而,環境非政府組織認為政府抗暖化政策與施政作為,並未符合環境永續性的原則。鑒於環境非政府組織為抗暖化之重要行動者,及環境非政府組織之政策參與抗暖化行動,為環境公民身份之展現,本研究以其為主要研究對象。本研究主要以非政府組織與環境公民身份理論為基礎,分析政府抗暖化政策與環境非政府組織抗暖化行動。藉由文獻分析與深度訪談的方式,探索抗暖化行動之困境,並提出改善之道。 研究發現如下:(一)政府與環境非政府組織抗暖化行動關注面向分歧,環境非政府組織認為政府應針對產業部門進行溫室氣體管制,然而政府卻過於偏重公民與企業自願性減量。(二)環境非政府組織透過多元方式倡議抗暖化,以實踐環境公民身份的抗暖化責任與達成組織之使命感。(三)全球暖化議題較傳統的環境議題更具複雜性,使得環境非政府組織政策參與行動面臨新的困境。(四)受訪的環境非政府組織對倡議環境公民身份存有不同論點,然而,皆認同環境公民身份與財務誘因工具必需雙管齊下,方能達到轉型至低碳社會的目標,朝向永續發展。 The time has come when governments must seriously face the truth about global warming. Global warming is a reality and not a myth. Energy conservation and carbon reduction have become the main emphasis of the Taiwan environmental programs to their credit. This study explores the anti-warming action of the environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) and applies the concept of environmental citizenship and NGOs in analyzing anti-warming action and policies The research uses literature analysis method and in-depth interview to explore the anti-warming action of the ENGOs and provides suggestions for addressing current problems. This research leads to found the following results: (1) The Government and ENGOs have different ideas on how to approach anti-warming action. ENGOs maintain that the government should focus on the industrial sector to control greenhouse gases. The government has become overly dependent on voluntary reductions by the citizenry and enterprises to resolve the issue of global warming. (2) ENOGs engages in policy advocacy in various ways to practice environmental citizenship and to achieve a sense of mission for the organization. (3) Global warming is more complex than traditional environmental issues. ENGOs’ participation in the policy of anti-warming faces new predicaments. (4) ENGOs have differing viewpoints on advocating environmental citizenship. They all agree, however, that it is necessary to press for environmental citizenship and the necessary financial incentives to achieve low carbon emissions along with sustainable development in our society.