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| 題名: | 危機管理機制的建立 : 以台、港、新、加四國SARS疫情防治為例 |
| 其他題名: | The establishment of crisis management mechanism - a case study of sars epidemic prevention in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and Canada
危機管理機制的建立 : 以臺、港、新、加四國SARS疫情防治為例 |
| 作者: | 戴云秋;Tai, Yun-chiu |
| 貢獻者: | 淡江大學公共行政學系公共政策碩士班
陳銘祥;Chen, Ming-siang |
| 關鍵詞: | 危機管理;危機管理機制;嚴重急性呼吸道症候群;crisis management;crisis management mechanism;SARS |
| 日期: | 2007 |
| 上傳時間: | 2010-01-11 04:41:59 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 危機管理是一門處理壓力與威脅的藝術，主要目的在減輕危機發生時所帶來的傷害；由於全球化的腳步帶來的便捷，使得近年來產生的威脅愈來愈複雜。有鑑於此，各國政府組織紛紛建立相關的危機管理機制，期望能在各種危機情況下即時反應，盡快擬訂適當的因應策略與政策措施，以避免危機擴大影響程度。
2003年的春季，全球爆發感染嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome，SARS)疫情，此波病毒肆虐下，共造成774人死亡的悲劇。各國經濟、社會遭受很大的衝擊，以亞洲地區的國家災情最為嚴重。各國都啟動危機管理機制以因應危機，而我國的危機管理衛生防疫體系卻因此產生很大的缺口：疫情資訊掌控不當、中央與地方的行政運作上不協調、防疫資源不足、隔離政策的不完善等問題，在在都顯示台灣需要一個常態運作的專責危機管理機制。因此本研究的目的係從危機管理的觀點出發，藉由嚴重急性呼吸道症候群疫情危機的應變過程，呈現出我國現行危機管理機制的運行狀況，以及防疫政策實際運作的各項問題，並推論出我國建置危機管理機制的要素。
本文採比較研究法途徑，經由檢閱危機管理理論後歸納出危機管理機制建立的七項關鍵要素，包括：政府組織層級、監測預警系統、專責決策者、反應時間、資源分配、安置與隔離措施、通報系統，探討台灣、香港、新加坡以及加拿大四個國家在SARS疫情危機管理應變過程中出現的問題與經驗，以檢視危機管理能力。經由比較分析發現台灣與香港在疫情防治上有若干共同性缺失，並發現到「安置與隔離措施」與「通報系統」兩項關鍵因素是攸關危機管理機制建立的關鍵要素。因此本研究建議應綜合以上各要素，並依此作為建構我國未來專責危機管理機制的參考。
Crisis Management is an art of managing stress and threats. Its main principal is to reduce the injury when crisis happens. Threats that happen in recent years are much more complex due to the convenience of globalization. In hopes of reacting in time to all kinds of crises, governments of all countries set up organizations in order to deal with their crisis management mechanism and to form appropriate strategies to avoid the crisis from spreading.
The SARS epidemic that erupted throughout the world in the spring of 2003 caused 774 deaths. Asian Pacific countries were especially affected economically and sociologically. In order to deal with the epidemic, crisis management mechanism was put into action in all different countries. Negligence in sanitation and the rigid anti-epidemic system were the main reasons behind Taiwan’s incapable of reacting effectively. The following negative points further indicate Taiwan’s incapability towards crisis management: the inefficient information of the epidemic control, the misinterpretation of information relating between the government and city officials, the insufficiency of anti-epidemic resources, and the lack of an effective isolation policy. These above mentioned items show Taiwan needs a specific crisis
management mechanism. By trying to present the factors in establishing a crisis management mechanism in Taiwan, my research starts by way of managing the process of the SARS epidemic, present in our country’s managing and practical problems.
There are seven related factors needed in order to build a proficient crisis management mechanism. These factors are the government, an early surveillance and warning system, a crisis manager, an appropriate reaction time, a resource facility, a specified isolation environment, and an adequate announcement system. By using the seven factors, we then examine Hong Kong, Singapore and Canada’s experiences and abilities in solving the SARS epidemic. Through a comparison of analysis, the two key factors related to forge a successful crisis management mechanism in Taiwan and Hong Kong are the “specified isolation environment” and “an adequate announcement system.” Therefore, my research suggests that in establishing our country’s future crisis management mechanism, we need to combine and use all seven factors mentioned above, especially specified isolation environment and an adequate announcement system. |
| 顯示於類別: | [公共行政學系暨研究所] 學位論文
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