| 摘要: | 本文以政策工具觀點探討台灣教科書發展的四個關鍵時期所採行之政策工具並歸納之。
其次，根據文獻歸納出四項影響政策工具選擇的因素：環境系絡、問題本質、國家機關職能與社會團體能力。
最後，根據提出政策工具於教科書政策上的應用建議如下：
一、權威型制定法規：教育當局應透過法令，與評鑑制度，給予獎賞或懲罰，促進學校能力的提升與多元的發展。
二、能力建構：教育當局應鼓勵學校長期投資教師訓練活動，妥善規劃教育進修，培塑教師因應課程的專業能力，達到「學生一本，老師多本」，強化教師教學能力與策略。
三、提供資訊：學校基層應強化建立親師之間溝通順暢，提供平台，透過親師的對話，減少家長對於教科書使用觀念上的偏誤。
四、提供誘因：教育當局提供即時的誘因機制，創造短期成效，獎勵士氣，鼓勵教師研究創作，獎勵教材研究與教科書研發。
五、學習型政策工具：除了權威性的規定外，教育當局也應當對於學校及教師的專業多給予尊重，鼓勵學校建立其學習本位，與社區發展結合，建立學校人文、區域特色，鼓勵老師創新。
First, this text probes and induces policy tool adopted in the four key periods of Taiwan textbook development with the view of policy tool.
Secondly, it is concluded to four factors influencing decision of choosing policy tools according to documents: environment context, question essence, state capacity, society ability.
Finally, the applications on the policy of textbook are proposed as below:
(1) Make Regulation in authority type: Educational authorities should give award or punish through the decree and system of evaluation to advance school abilities and diverse development.
(2) Construct Ability: Educational authorities should encourage the long-term investment on teacher trainings, have a well-planned training and further education, and train teachers to have enough professional abilities in class to achieve the goal of '' student one textbook , teacher multiple textbook '' and strengthen teacher''s teaching ability and tactics.
(3) Offer information: The school fundamental unit should strengthen the communication between teachers and parents. The school should offer a platform and decrease parents’ concept misunderstanding on textbooks through the platform communication.
(4) Offer inducement: Educational authorities offer the immediate inducement mechanism, create the short-term effect, reward morale, encourage the teachers to study and be creative, reward the research on teaching material and textbook.
(5) Construct the studying-type policy tool: Besides the authoritative regulation, educational authorities should respect the profession of teachers and school, encourage the school to set up the learner-centered, combining with community development and constructing the humanity of the school, characteristics of community, moreover, the school should encourage the teacher to innovate. |
