論文提要內容： 本研究主題為探討組織文化、領導型態及人格特質對員工組織公民行為影響之研究。利用文獻探討與實證方式，針對臺灣鐵路局員工進行調查，期透過本研究，找出影響組織公民行為之因素，以及不同人口統計變項與員工組織公民行為間之關係，以提供管理單位提升員工組織公民行為之參考。 本研究採便利取樣之問卷調查法，針對臺灣鐵路局之員工，進行研究調查，有有效問卷共355份。經過因素分析與集群分析後，本研究將組織文化區分為「低創新支持型」與「高創新支持型」二組；領導型態區分為「信任型領導」、「高關係型領導」、「高任務型領導」及「放任型領導」等四組；人格特質區分為「低社交敏感型」及「高社交敏感型」二組。研究結果顯示如下： 1.不同的組織文化在員工組織公民行為上會有顯著差異。 2.不同的領導型態在員工組織公民行為上會有顯著差異。 3.組織文化、領導型態及人格特質對員工組織公民行為會有顯著影響。 4.組織文化對員工組織公民行為會有顯著影響。 5.領導型態對員工組織公民行為會有顯著影響。 6.人格特質對員工組織公民行為會有顯著影響。 7.不同人口統計變項之員工在組織文化、領導型態、人格特質及組織公民行為會有所差異。 Abstract: This research emphasizes at how do organizational cultures, leadership style and personality traits influence the employee’s organizational citizenship behaviors. By literature exploring and using empirical survey methods with the Taiwan Railway Company Employees, we investigate factors that affect the organizational citizenship behavior, and various relationships among demographic variables, organizational citizenship behaviors and other variables. This research enhances the management unit ability of increasing employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors for organizational citizenship behaviors are very important today. This research adopts the convenient questionnaire survey and the samples are Taiwan Railway Company employees. The valid samples are 355 employees. After factor analysis and cluster analysis, we divide organizational culture into two groups--“low innovative and supportive style” and “high innovative and supportive style”, and leadership style into four groups-- “trust style”, “high relationship style”, “ high effects style” and “non-intervention style”, and we also divide personality traits into two groups--“low social and sensitive style” and “high social and sensitive style ”. The main results showed as follows: 1. There are significant differences in employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors with different organizational culture. 2. There are significant differences in employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors with different leadership style. 3. Organizational culture, leadership style and personality traits of employees cause a significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. 4. The organizational culture of employees causes a significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. 5. The leadership style of employees causes a significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. 6. The personality traits of employees cause a significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. 7. Employees with different demographic variables will have differences in the organization culture, leadership style, personality traits and organizational citizenship behaviors.
