斑馬魚是一種脊椎動物，它的胚胎透明— 方便觀察器官形成、產卵率高— 平均一週有200 ~ 300顆的產量、飼養容易、成本低，且斑馬魚在型態學上的模式有完整的資訊，而斑馬魚的基因組分析也已接近完成。在發育生物學及遺傳分子學中，斑馬魚佔有很大的優勢。而這些優勢，可以用來當做大規模篩選食品與藥物中毒性與機制的工具。本篇論文即是利用斑馬魚當作模式物種，並設計一個篩選食品與藥物的平台。斑馬魚胚胎對於苯甲酸鈉、咖啡因、順鉑、釕金屬在運動能力或腎臟毒害情形中，有不同程度的耐受情形。結果顯示，在運動能力上，暴露10 ppm 以上的苯甲酸鈉會降低斑馬魚游動能力，當暴露2000 ppm 的苯甲酸鈉時斑馬魚幾乎沒有游動能力。在腎毒性的研究上，暴露500 ppm 以上的苯甲酸鈉，暴露75 ppm 以上的咖啡因，暴露20 ppm 以上的順鉑和暴露75 ppm 以上的釕金屬化合物，對於斑馬魚腎臟仍是有產生毒害情形。綜合以上結果，本論文所設計的篩選平台，可以降低成本及有效率的篩選食品與藥物，是否具有毒性，尤其是腎臟方面的研究。 Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a good model for large-scale food and drug toxicity tests because the following reasons. (1) They have transparent embryos that make the organogenesis are easy to observe; (2) One pair of adult fish is capable of laying 200–300 eggs per week; (3) The zebrafish genome project is almost completed. In this thesis, we design many screening methods, such as mobility test and kidney morphology for food and drug toxicity tests using sodium benzoate, caffeine, cisplatin and ruthenium complex as positive controls. Results showed that zebrafish embryos displayed lower swimming mobility after exposure to 10 ppm of sodium benzoate but had no swimming ablity after exposure to 2000 ppm of sodium benzoate. With regards to kidney toxicities, the threshold for the sodium benzoate, caffeine, cisplatin and ruthenium complex are 500, 75, 20 and 75 ppm, respectively. In conclusion, these screening methods are excellent and effective for large-scale food and drug toxicity screening, especially for nephrotoxicities.
