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https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/32264
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| Title: | 勞工退休金年金化對勞動者經濟行為影響之研究 |
| Other Titles: | The effect of the annuity of labor insurance paid monthly on the economic behaviors of labors |
| Authors: | 林淑 萍;Lin, Shu-ping |
| Contributors: | 淡江大學保險學系保險經營碩士在職專班
繆震宇;Maio, Chen-yu |
| Keywords: | 退休金;勞工保險條例;勞保年金;Labor Pensions;Labor Insurance Acts;Labor Insurance Paid Monthly |
| Date: | 2009 |
| Issue Date: | 2010-01-11 01:54:48 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 論文提要內容：
攸關八百八十萬勞工退休保障的勞工保險退休金自98年1月1日起增加了按月領取退休金的方式，提供勞保年資滿15年的被保險人可以選擇「一次領取」及「按月領取」退休金的選擇權，另增加了減額及增額年金，並將請領最低年齡由50歲提高至60歲並逐年增加到65歲，且計算退休金額的方式亦有所改變，這些改變對於勞工未來請領行為有無影響？面對退休後長壽與通貨膨脹等危機所產生的老年貧窮的威脅，勞保年金將成為我國最重要的社會安全支柱。修正前勞工保險老年給付係採一次給付，且給付最低年齡為50歲，依照勞工保險局97年度的統計，平均勞工的老年給付金額為108萬元,平均給付年齡為57.41歲，由於國人平均餘命的增加，一般勞工在50幾歲領取一次給付的勞保退休金後，還有20多年無所得的生活。原本勞工保險的老年給付一次請領的方式，巳不足以解決因傳統家庭功能式微及人口急速老化的勞工老人問題，政府將勞保老年給付年金化，並配合新制勞工退休金及開辦國民年金，期能給國民老年經濟的保障。
本論文透過文獻蒐集及對勞工網路問卷調查整理分析，獲致重要結論包括：(一)多數受訪勞工認為可領取的勞保年金不能夠提供足夠的退休生活保障，另外受訪者中有44.6％擔心退休後的經濟問題，與健康問題分列第1、2名，且有高達60.5％的受訪者覺得退休生活的主要經濟來源為自己平時儲蓄或投資理財所得，並非勞保年金(二) 有8成以上的受訪者對勞工保險老年給付改為按月領取及勞保年資滿15年，年滿60歲的勞工可領取全額勞保年金，2項勞保年金化的措施最清楚，受訪者在「勞保年金有增額年金及減額年金二種年金」及「勞保年金每月領取金額的算法」2項勞保年金化的措施上最不清楚，表示有超過50％以上的勞工並不會算自己以後可以請領的勞保年金，所以勞工對於退休生活仍然有不安全感。(三)有多數受訪者願意多繳付勞保費率的比例，以「0％」及「1％-3％」者最多，受訪者普遍認為不應該因為勞保年金化而增加勞保費，若須增加比例應在1％-3％之間。另外在「目前勞保年金的運作方式是將現在年輕人所繳的保險費，用來支付現在勞保年金的請領人，您認為這種運作模式是合理的」這題題目中，勾選不同意的占36.6％，沒意見的占39％，表示政府因勞保年金化後，會造成給付增加，利用調高勞保費將未足額保險費轉嫁給年輕勞工負擔，此種不公平的世代財富轉移現象，受訪者並未有強烈的反彈。(四) 大部分的勞工並沒有因為勞保年金化而改變消費習慣。在有改變消費習慣者中，經統計，受訪者會因為勞保年金化而減少每月消費金額，改變每月消費金額之比例，以「減少1％-10％」者居多占37.8%。
Abstract
Labor pension (LP) represents the benefits of more than eight million and eight hundred thousand labors. Since January 1, 2009 retired laborers now have an option to withdraw their LP through monthly payments. Laborers who have worked over 15 years have the choice to either withdraw their LP by lump sum or through monthly payments. Additionally, laborers will have more monthly payments if they delay their claim to LP after age 60 years old. Conversely, the laborers will receive less payments if they withdraw before 60 years old. Also, the minimum age to apply for LP changes from age 50 to age 60 and ultimately to age 65 years old sequentially. The way to calculate the monthly LP payment has also changed recently. Will those change mentioned above impact for labors on their way to claim for LP?
LP will provide the bulk of the social security backbone for our nation because of the threat to be poor after retired due to the longevity and economic inflation. Before the amendment of Labor Pension Act, the age that people eligible could apply for LP was 50 years old, and it was paid only by lump sum. According to the statistics by Bureau of Labor Insurance, the mean amount for LP insurer is one million and eight hundred thousand NT dollars; the mean age to claim is 57.41 years old. Due to the increase of life expectancy, retired labors are living without income for more than 20 years if they retired at the ages of 50s. Providing a LP lump sum is currently ineffective because the aged population increases in addition to the devastating function of traditional family. Taiwanese Government expects the retired labors can get more security through the following methods: monthly LP payment, New Labor Pension System, and National Pension.
This thesis was compiled by searching literature in addition to data analysis to the surveys completed by internet or in person. This work concludes the following: 1) most interviewed labors believe that LP does not guarantee enough for their retired life. Financial and healthy issues are the first and second priorities for 44.6% of labors when they face the retired scenario. In addition, 60.5% of labors think the major financial resources after retired are savings and investment incomes instead of LP; 2) it is the two polices that over 80% of interviewed labors understand most. Those two policies are: LP will be paid by monthly payment; and full amount of LP will be paid if labors work over 15 years and over 60 years old. However, labors confused most in the two polices: the monthly payment can be changed if labors claim their LP at earlier or later ages of 60 years old; and the way to calculate their monthly LP payment. Over 50% labors do not know how much they can receive every month after retired. Therefore, they do not feel security for their retired life; 3) the ratio to increase their labor insurance premium is 0% and 1-3% for most interviews, respectively. Most of interviewed labors do not agree to raise labor insurance premium with the new policy of monthly LP payment. If an increased premium is inevitable, the ratio should be set between 1-3%. In the questionnaire, “it is reasonable that the LP paid to the aged retired labors comes from labor insurance premium paid from the young working labors?” 36.6% of labors disagree and 39% offer no comment. The expense of LP shall increase with the new policy of monthly payment; and the shortage shall be overcome by increased labor insurance premium paid by young working labors. Therefore, the burden for young labors shall increase. However, the answer implies that the majority of labors do not over react to this unfair phenomenon that wealth will distribute again from young to aged generation due to the new policy of monthly LP payment. 4) consuming habits in most of labors do not change with the new policy of monthly LP payment. However, consuming amount decreases by 1-10% in 37.8% of those people changing consuming habits. It is the decreasing of consuming amount for those people changing consuming habits with the new policy of monthly LP payment. |
| Appears in Collections: | [風險管理與保險學系] 學位論文
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