淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/32109
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    Title: 全球化和區域化對貿易流量之影響 : 以美國電子和紡織產業為例
    Other Titles: The influence of globalization and regionalization on trade flows : empirical studies of American electronic and textile industries
    Authors: 吳青芬;Wu, Ching-fen
    Contributors: 淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班
    吳秀玲;Wu, Hsiu-ling
    Keywords: 全球化;區域化;自由貿易;引力模型;Globalization;Regionalization;Free Trade;gravity model
    Date: 2007
    Issue Date: 2010-01-11 01:42:34 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 全球化和區域化於20世紀80年代後逐漸形成一股浪潮,構成世界經濟運行的主要特徵。這兩股分散或聚合的力量對於國與國間之雙邊貿易流量有十分重要的影響,因為一國貿易的發達與否與其國內商品或產業的全球化程度或區域化現象有緊密的關連性,因此,本文之研究目的為在討論今日全球化和區域化之普遍盛行的情形對於出、進口貿易變動的關係。

    本研究以美國的角度出發,探討美國電子和紡織此兩項產業個別與其他44個貿易夥伴國於1995-2005之11年間之貿易流量影響因素,並運用引力模型的理論架構,衡量國內生產毛額、平均每人國民所得、距離、開放程度、對外直接投資與貿易協定等變數對美國電子和紡織產業於進出口貿易中所扮演的重要性。

    實證結果顯示,國內生產毛額和平均每人國民所得變數基本上仍是一國發展貿易的主要因素,而距離遠近的交易成本問題不會阻礙美國出口電子和紡織相關產品,其與美國電子和紡織產業分別受到全球化和區域化的影響有關。另外,在開放程度、對外直接投資與貿易協定之變數的觀察上,發現一國若能擴大其國內市場對外的開放程度、鼓勵對外直接投資且減少或消除對資金的控制、亦或與他國或地區簽署貿易協定來減除或調降關稅,對商品甚至產業貿易的全球化或區域化將會有很大的實質幫助,並促進自由貿易的發展。
    Globalization and regionalization have become the tendencies and the main features of world economy operation after 1980. These two dispersive and aggregated powers both have important influences in bilateral trade flows between countries. A trade growth of a country has a close connection with its extent of globalization or regionalization in goods and industries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the prevalent situations of today’s globalization and regionalization to the relations of export and import variations.

    The paper uses gravity model covering the period from 1995 to 2005 to investigate trade flows in American electron and textile industries with other 44 partner countries individually. The variables include a country’s gross domestic product, per capita of a country’s gross domestic product, distance between bilateral capitals, a country’s degree of its trade openness, American outward and inward foreign direct investments and trade agreements between American and its partner countries.

    According to the empirical evidences of this paper, a country’s gross domestic product and its per capita GDP are the basic factors to grow a country’s trade. Distance variable has shown no barrier to export American electron and textile products, because of being influenced by globalization and regionalization respectively. If a country can broaden its trade openness, encourage foreign direct investment and lower its control to funding, or sign trade agreements with other countries to reduce even eliminate tariff, it will be a great helpful to goods even industry’s tendency of globalization or regionalization, and to stimulate the development of free trade.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute & Department of International Business] Thesis

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